ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006
B cell clones that sustain long-term plasmablast growth in T-independent extrafollicular antibody responses.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- B cell-expressed CD1d promotes MPL/TDCM lipid emulsion adjuvant effects in polysaccharide vaccines.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis contributes to immunosuppression.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Plasma Cell Differentiation, Antibody Quality, and Initial Germinal Center B Cell Population Depend on Glucose Influx Rate.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Germinal center versus extrafollicular responses in systemic autoimmunity: Who turns the blade on self?Advances in immunology · 2024Review
- Noncanonical B Cells: Characteristics of Uncharacteristic B Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Review
- Thymus antibody-secreting cells: once forgotten but not lost.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Supplying the trip to antibody production-nutrients, signaling, and the programming of cellular metabolism in the mature B lineage.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Critical roles of the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBW7 in B-cell response and the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune arthritis.Immunology · 2021Article
- Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Review
- Characteristics of Immunoglobulin M Type Antibodies of Different Origins from the Immunologic and Clinical Viewpoints and Their Application in Controlling Antibody-Mediated Allograft Rejection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- B Cell Subsets Differentially Contribute to the T Cell-Independent Memory Pool.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- T. brucei infections abrogate diverse plasma cell-mediated effector B cell responses, independently of their specificity, affinity and host genetic background.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Missing-in-Metastasis/Metastasis Suppressor 1 Regulates B Cell Receptor Signaling, B Cell Metabolic Potential, and T Cell-Independent Immune Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- The B Cell Activation-Induced miR-183 Cluster Plays a Minimal Role in Canonical Primary Humoral Responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- An Unmutated IgM Response to the Vi Polysaccharide ofJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Humoral immune responses to infection: common mechanisms and unique strategies to combat pathogen immune evasion tactics.Current opinion in immunology · 2018Review
- CD22 Promotes B-1b Cell Responses to T Cell-Independent Type 2 Antigens.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Some antigens induce Ab responses without T lymphocyte help. Among these, many polysaccharide-based antigens cause marginal zone B cells to proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells. B1 cells also respond to some of these antigens. In this article, we report that antigen-specific B1b cells, in response to the T-independent antigen (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)-acetyl (NP)-Ficoll, develop into clones that sustain Ab production for months with continued production of plasma cells and the accumulation of antigen-specific B cells in follicles. The persistence of this T-independent plasmablast response contrasts with the short-term plasmablast growth associated with T-dependent extrafollicular responses. The nature of the cells responding to NP-Ficoll was probed by using chimeras that have B1 cells but lack primary B lymphopoietic capacity and have very few B2 cells or T cells. The chimeras were constructed by transferring 10(5) IgM(+) IgD(-) peritoneal exudate cells into mice unable to produce their own T and B cells because of deficiency in recombinase-activating gene 1 (RAG-1). The chimeras mounted sustained IgM and IgG3 anti-NP Ab responses to NP-Ficoll. This finding was associated with continued NP-specific extrafollicular plasmablast growth and the accumulation of NP-specific B cells in follicles. B cells were not found in the marginal zones of chimeras, and they also lacked recirculating IgD(+) cells and CD3(+) cells. The absence of B2 and T cells confirms that hemopoietic cell chimerism leading to primary lymphopoiesis had not been established.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.