ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2006
Clinical pharmacokinetics of new-generation antiepileptic drugs at the extremes of age.
Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Greater response to placebo in children than in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis in drug-resistant partial epilepsy.PLoS medicine · 2008Pooled it
- Topiramate for the treatment of neonatal seizures and beyond.Epilepsia · 2025Review
- Analysis of influencing factors on monohydroxylated derivative of oxcarbazepine plasma concentration in children with epilepsy.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Article
- Clinical Management of Drug Resistant Epilepsy: A Review on Current Strategies.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2021Review
- Sodium valproate induced acute pancreatitis in a bipolar disorder patient: a case report.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2019Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interaction of Antiepileptic Drugs in Children and Adolescents.Paediatric drugs · 2018Review
- Pharmacokinetic interactions and dosing rationale for antiepileptic drugs in adults and children.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Article
- An Updated Overview on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Recent Antiepileptic Drugs.Drugs in R&D · 2016Review
- On the Slow Diffusion of Point-of-Care Systems in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2015Review
- Clinical pharmacokinetics of new-generation antiepileptic drugs at the extremes of age: an update.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2013Review
- The efficacy and safety of newer anticonvulsants in patients with dementia.Drugs & aging · 2012Review
- Safety and tolerability of antiepileptic drug treatment in children with epilepsy.Drug safety · 2012Review
- A systematic review of the pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic drugs in neonates with refractory seizures.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2012Article
- Specific safety and tolerability considerations in the use of anticonvulsant medications in children.Drug, healthcare and patient safety · 2012Article
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of the Newer Anti-Epilepsy Medications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2010Article
- Antiepileptic drug-induced cognitive adverse effects: potential mechanisms and contributing factors.CNS drugs · 2009Review
- Pregabalin for the management of partial epilepsy.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2008Article
- The clinical implications of ageing for rational drug therapy.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2008Review
- Spotlight on topiramate in epilepsy.CNS drugs · 2008Review
- Does oxcarbazepine warrant therapeutic drug monitoring? A critical review.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2008Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, several new-generation antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been introduced in clinical practice. These agents, which include felbamate, gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, pregabalin, tiagabine, topiramate, vigabatrin and zonisamide, are being increasingly used in the treatment of epilepsy at the extremes of age. For a rational prescribing of these drugs in specific age groups, major pharmacokinetic changes that occur during development and aging need to be taken into consideration. A review of available evidence indicates that the apparent oral clearance (CL/F) of new-generation AEDs in children is increased by 20-170% (depending on the type of drug and characteristics of the patients studied) compared with adults, with the highest CL/F values usually being observed in the youngest age groups. These findings do not necessarily apply to the first weeks of life, when drug eliminating capacity is still undergoing maturation, as in the case of lamotrigine for which preliminary data suggest that CL/F in neonates aged <2 months can be much lower than in infants aged 2-12 months. At the other extreme of age, in the elderly, CL/F is almost invariably reduced (on average by 10-50%) compared with values found in non-elderly adults. Age-related CL/F changes, together with the large interindividual pharmacokinetic variability, contribute to the need for individualised dosage requirements in these patients. Measurement of serum drug concentrations can be useful as an aid to dosage individualization in these age groups but interpretation of therapeutic drug monitoring data should also take into account the possibility of age-related changes in pharmacodynamic sensitivity and, for neonates and the elderly, alterations in drug binding to serum proteins.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.