ArticleMolecular human reproduction2006
CCNs, fibulin-1C and S100A4 expression in leiomyoma and myometrium: inverse association with TGF-beta and regulation by TGF-beta in leiomyoma and myometrial smooth muscle cells.
Article in Molecular human reproduction, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging role of CCN family proteins in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2015Review
- The role of the CCN family of proteins in female reproduction.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2014Review
- Role of activin-A and myostatin and their signaling pathway in human myometrial and leiomyoma cell function.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2014Article
- Transforming growth factor β signaling in uterine development and function.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2014Review
- A novel role of CCN3 in regulating endothelial inflammation.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2010Article
- Proinflammatory and profibrotic mediators: principal effectors of leiomyoma development as a fibrotic disorder.Seminars in reproductive medicine · 2010Review
- microRNA 21: response to hormonal therapies and regulatory function in leiomyoma, transformed leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma cells.Molecular human reproduction · 2010Article
- Transforming growth factor beta3 regulates the versican variants in the extracellular matrix-rich uterine leiomyomas.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2009Article
- Gene expression profiling of multiple leiomyomata uteri and matched normal tissue from a single patient.Fertility and sterility · 2009Article
- The expression and potential regulatory function of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of leiomyoma.Seminars in reproductive medicine · 2008Review
- Genomic and proteomic profiling II: comparative assessment of gene expression profiles in leiomyomas, keloids, and surgically-induced scars.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2007Article
- Genomic and proteomic profiling I: leiomyomas in African Americans and Caucasians.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2007Article
- Growth factors and myometrium: biological effects in uterine fibroid and possible clinical implications.Human reproduction updateReview
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2014-11-13Ethical Violations by Author · Falsification/Fabrication of Data · Investigation by Company/Institution · Investigation by ORI · · Nasser Chegini has finding of misconduct: https://ori.hhs.gov/content/case-summary-chegini-nasser
- Commented on by
- Retracted
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF; CCN2) is considered to serve as downstream midiator of TGF-beta action in tissue fibrosis. We tested this hypothesis in paired leiomyoma and myometrium by evaluating the expression of TGF-beta1/TGF-beta3 and CCN2, the other members of the CCN family, CCN3 and CCN4, as well as fibulin-1C and S100A4, calcium-binding proteins that interact with CCNs. The regulatory function of TGF-beta1 on the expression of these genes was further evaluated using leiomyoma (L) and myometrial (M) smooth muscle cells (SMC). Real-time PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that leiomyomas and myometrium express CCNs, fibulin-1C and S100A4, whose levels of expression with the exception of fibulin-1C were lower in leiomyomas and inversely correlated with the expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 (P<0.05). The expression of these genes was menstrual cycle-independent and GnRHa therapy increased the expression of CCN2 in leiomyomas, while inhibiting CCN3, CCN4 and S100A4 in myometrium (P<0.05). TGF-beta (2.5 ng/ml) in a time- and cell-dependent manner, and through MAPK and Smad pathways, differentially regulated the expression of these genes in LSMC and MSMC. We concluded that CCNs, fibulin-1C and S100A4 are expressed in leiomyomas/myometrium with relative expression levels inversely correlating with TGF-betas and influenced by GnRHa and TGF-beta regulatory actions. The results suggest that unlike other fibrotic disorders, CCN2 (CTGF), at least at tissue level, may not serve as a downstream mediator of TGF-beta action in leiomyomas.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.