ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2006
Overexpression of Candida albicans CDR1, CDR2, or MDR1 does not produce significant changes in echinocandin susceptibility.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- A study of genomic complexity underlying multidrug resistance in Candida auris strains in Thailand.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Multidrug efflux pumps and innate azole resistance of Mucor lusitanicus.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Biofilm-Associated Candidiasis: Pathogenesis, Prevalence, Challenges and Therapeutic Options.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mechanisms of multidrug resistance caused by an Ipi1 mutation in the fungal pathogen Candida glabrata.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Rise and fall of Caspofungin: the current status of Caspofungin as a treatment forFuture microbiology · 2024Review
- Review
- Potential Strategies to Control the Risk of Antifungal Resistance in Humans: A Comprehensive Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- What 'Omics can tell us about antifungal adaptation.FEMS yeast research · 2022Review
- Inactivating the mannose-ethanolamine phosphotransferase Gpi7 confers caspofungin resistance in the human fungal pathogenCell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Impact of antifungal stewardship interventions on the susceptibility of colonized Candida species in pediatric patients with malignancy.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Transcriptome Signatures Predict Phenotypic Variations ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Ketorolac-fluconazole: A New Combination Reverting Resistance inJournal of blood medicine · 2021Article
- Antifungal Resistance inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Review on Current Status of Echinocandins Use.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- A Systematic Screen Reveals a Diverse Collection of Medications That Induce Antifungal Resistance inAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Linking Cellular Morphogenesis with Antifungal Treatment and Susceptibility inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Fungal Resistance to Echinocandins and the MDR Phenomenon inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The micafungin and caspofungin susceptibilities of Candida albicans laboratory and clinical isolates and of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains stably hyperexpressing fungal ATP-binding cassette (ABC) or major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters involved in azole resistance were determined using three separate methods. Yeast strains hyperexpressing individual alleles of ABC transporters or an MFS transporter from C. albicans gave the expected resistance profiles for the azoles fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole. The strains hyperexpressing CDR2 showed slightly decreased susceptibility to caspofungin in agar plate drug resistance assays, as previously reported, but increased susceptibility to micafungin compared with either the strains hyperexpressing CDR1 or the null parent deleted of seven ABC transporters. The strains hyperexpressing CDR1 showed slightly decreased susceptibility to micafungin in these assays. A C. albicans clinical isolate overexpressing both Cdr1p and Cdr2p relative to its azole-sensitive isogenic progenitor acquired resistance to azole drugs and showed reduced susceptibility to caspofungin and slightly increased susceptibility to micafungin in agar plate drug resistance assays. None of the strains showed significant resistance to micafungin or caspofungin in liquid microdilution susceptibility assays. The antifungal activities of micafungin and caspofungin were similar in agarose diffusion assays, although the shape and size of the caspofungin inhibitory zones were affected by medium composition. The assessment of micafungin and caspofungin potency is therefore assay dependent; the differences seen with agar plate drug resistance assays occur over narrow ranges of echinocandin concentrations and are not of clinical significance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.