ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Inflammatory responses to migrating Brugia pahangi third-stage larvae.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- At homeostasis filarial infections have expanded adaptive T regulatory but not classical Th2 cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2010Trial
- Dose-Dependent Prophylactic Efficacy of Filarial Antigens Glutathione-S-Transferase and Abundant Larval Transcript-2 againstThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2024Article
- Harnessing Immune Evasion Strategy of Lymphatic Filariae: A Therapeutic Approach against Inflammatory and Infective Pathology.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Effect of Brugia pahangi co-infection with Plasmodium berghei ANKA in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).Parasitology research · 2020Article
- S100A8/S100A9 deficiency increases neutrophil activation and protective immune responses against invading infective L3 larvae of the filarial nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Pathogenesis of Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) as an experimental model for severe malaria.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2017Article
- Mycobacteria induce TPL-2 mediated IL-10 in IL-4-generated alternatively activated macrophages.PloS one · 2017Article
- NOD2 dependent neutrophil recruitment is required for early protective immune responses against infectious Litomosoides sigmodontis L3 larvae.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Vaccination of Gerbils with Bm-103 and Bm-RAL-2 Concurrently or as a Fusion Protein Confers Consistent and Improved Protection against Brugia malayi Infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Article
- Brugia malayi infective larvae fail to activate Langerhans cells and dermal dendritic cells in human skin.Parasite immunology · 2015Article
- Helminth-induced immune regulation: implications for immune responses to tuberculosis.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Vaccination with recombinant Brugia malayi cystatin proteins alters worm migration, homing and final niche selection following a subcutaneous challenge of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) with B. malayi infective larvae.Parasites & vectors · 2014Article
- Brugia pahangi: immunization with early L3 ES alters parasite migration, and reduces microfilaremia and lymphatic lesion formation in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).Experimental parasitology · 2013Article
- Quiescent innate response to infective filariae by human Langerhans cells suggests a strategy of immune evasion.Infection and immunity · 2013Article
- Immunopathogenesis of lymphatic filarial disease.Seminars in immunopathology · 2012Review
- Brugia filariasis differentially modulates persistent Helicobacter pylori gastritis in the gerbil model.Microbes and infection · 2010Article
- Characterisation of effector mechanisms at the host:parasite interface during the immune response to tissue-dwelling intestinal nematode parasites.International journal for parasitology · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite being central to parasite establishment and subsequent host pathological and immunologic responses, host-parasite interactions during early third-stage filarial larva (L3) migration are poorly understood. These studies aimed to define early tissue migration of Brugia pahangi L3 in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) and measure host cellular responses during this period. Gerbils were intradermally inoculated in the hind limb with 100 B. pahangi L3, and necropsies were performed at various times. At 3 h, most L3 (96.3%) were recovered from tissues associated with the infection site, with marked L3 migration occurring by 24 h. Larvae were dispersed throughout the lymphatics at 7 days postinfection (dpi), and at 28 dpi, most parasites were recovered from the spermatic cord lymphatics. Parasites were identified histologically at all time points. Inflammatory cells, primarily neutrophils, were frequently observed around larvae in the dermis and muscle near the injection site at 3 h and 24 h. Levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA peaked at 3 h in all tissues, with IL-6 levels also high in the spleen at 28 dpi. Levels of IL-4 mRNA were elevated in all tissues at 28 dpi. These observations demonstrate that L3 migrate quickly through various tissues and into lymph nodes in a predictable pattern. Migrating L3 induce an early acute inflammatory response that is modulated as parasites establish in the lymphatics. Polarization of the host response towards a dominant Th2-like profile is present at 7 dpi and is well established by 28 dpi in this permissive host.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.