ArticleJournal of bacteriology2006
Polyamines are essential for the formation of plague biofilm.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
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Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metabolism links bacterial biofilms and colon carcinogenesis.Cell metabolism · 2015Trial
- The Role of Porin Proteins and ygiU-nhaR in the Formation of Biofilm in Escherichia coli.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Polyamines control inorganic polyphosphate levels during bacterial nitrogen starvation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Elucidation of D-amino acid metabolic activity of ornithine decarboxylase from the hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima.Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions · 2026Article
- Spermidine is a common component of the eDNA-dependent biofilm matrix.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Article
- The influence of the polyamine synthesis pathways onMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025Article
- Characterization of an Arginine Decarboxylase fromBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Role of the polyamine transporter PotABCD during biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae.PloS one · 2024Article
- Polyamine signaling communications play a key role in regulating the pathogenicity ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- A bibliography study of Shewanella oneidensis biofilm.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2023Article
- A polyamine acetyltransferase regulates the motility and biofilm formation of Acinetobacter baumannii.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Exploring the Biologically Active Metabolites Produced byMetabolites · 2023Article
- Still rocking in the structural era: A molecular overview of the small multidrug resistance (SMR) transporter family.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2022Review
- Integrative functional analysis uncovers metabolic differences between Candida species.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Fusobacterium nucleatum Metabolically Integrates Commensals and Pathogens in Oral Biofilms.mSystems · 2022Article
- Cultured Bacteria Provide Insight into the Functional Potential of the Coral-Associated Microbiome.mSystems · 2022Article
- Polyamine and Ethanolamine Metabolism in Bacteria as an Important Component of Nitrogen Assimilation for Survival and Pathogenicity.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Fate of Bioactive Compounds during Lactic Acid Fermentation of Fruits and Vegetables.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Inferring the Significance of the Polyamine Metabolism in the Phytopathogenic BacteriaFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We provide the first evidence for a link between polyamines and biofilm levels in Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague. Polyamine-deficient mutants of Y. pestis were generated with a single deletion in speA or speC and a double deletion mutant. The genes speA and speC code for the biosynthetic enzymes arginine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase, respectively. The level of the polyamine putrescine compared to the parental speA+ speC+ strain (KIM6+) was depleted progressively, with the highest levels found in the Y. pestis DeltaspeC mutant (55% reduction), followed by the DeltaspeA mutant (95% reduction) and the DeltaspeA DeltaspeC mutant (>99% reduction). Spermidine, on the other hand, remained constant in the single mutants but was undetected in the double mutant. The growth rates of mutants with single deletions were not altered, while the DeltaspeA DeltaspeC mutant grew at 65% of the exponential growth rate of the speA+ speC+ strain. Biofilm levels were assayed by three independent measures: Congo red binding, crystal violet staining, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The level of biofilm correlated to the level of putrescine as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and as observed in a chemical complementation curve. Complementation of the DeltaspeA DeltaspeC mutant with speA showed nearly full recovery of biofilm to levels observed in the speA+ speC+ strain. Chemical complementation of the double mutant and recovery of the biofilm defect were only observed with the polyamine putrescine.
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