Evidence map›Paper›PMID 1654565›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1991

Retinoic acid affects the expression of nuclear retinoic acid receptors in tissues of retinol-deficient rats.

R Haq, M Pfahl, F Chytil

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1991. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Retinoic acid promotes fibrinolysis and may regulate polyp formation.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022
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  9. Biological functional annotation of retinoic acid alpha and beta in mouse liver based on genome-wide binding.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2014
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  20. Vitamin A deficiency and the expression of retinoic acid receptors during early cardiogenesis in quail embryo.Roux's archives of developmental biology : the official organ of the EDBO · 1996
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

R HaqDepartment of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232.
M Pfahl
F Chytil
Vanderbilt University · USNational Foundation for Cancer Research · US

Funding

RETINOIC ACID RECEPTOR IN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASER01CA050676 · NCI · BURNHAM INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH · PI PFAHL, MAGNUS · 1990 to 1994
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T3 RECEPTORS IN GENE REGULATION AND ONCOGENESISR01DK035083 · NIDDK · SIDNEY KIMMEL CANCER CENTER · PI PFAHL, MAGNUS · 1987 to 1997
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VITAMIN A IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTR01HD009195 · NICHD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI CHYTIL, FRANK · 1985 to 1991
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NCI NIH HHS CA50676NICHD NIH HHS HD-09195NIDDK NIH HHS DK35083
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The multitude of biological effects of the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, are mediated by nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs), which are members of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. RAR-alpha, -beta, and -gamma are encoded by three genes from which multiple isoforms can be generated. Recent studies suggest that the expression of at least some RAR isoforms can be regulated by retinoic acid in certain cell lines. Here we examined regulation of RAR expression in the adult animal. RARs were analyzed by Northern blots from lung, liver, and testes of retinol-deficient rats. Retinol deficiency caused a 65-70% decrease in the mRNA levels of lung and liver RAR-beta, whereas no change was observed in RAR-alpha and -gamma mRNA levels in these organs. In the testes of retinol-deficient animals, two transcripts, RAR-alpha 1 (3.7 kb) and RAR-alpha 2 (2.8 kb), were detected as compared with one RAR-alpha 1 (3.7 kb) transcript in retinol-sufficient testes. When retinol-deficient rats were orally administered 1 dose of retinoic acid (100 micrograms per rat), lung RAR-beta mRNA levels started to increase after 1 hr and reached a 16-fold higher level after 4 hr; after 4 hr these retinoic acid-fed rats also showed a 7-fold increase in liver RAR-beta mRNA levels as compared with levels in the retinol-deficient rats. In contrast, liver, lung, and testes RAR-alpha transcripts remained either unchanged or showed only a slight increase in response to retinoic acid. RAR-gamma was constitutively expressed in lung, and its mRNA levels were induced 2-fold by retinoic acid. These results show tissue diversity in the rapid induction of RAR-beta and RAR-gamma by retinoic acid in the adult animal and suggest distinct roles for the various receptor isoforms in the control of the retinoid response.

Indexed as

AnimalsBlotting, NorthernCarrier ProteinsGene ExpressionLiverLungRatsReceptors, Retinoic AcidRNA, MessengerTretinoinVitamin A DeficiencyCarrier ProteinsReceptors, Retinoic AcidRNA, MessengerTretinoin

Identifiers

PMID1654565
PMCPMC52489
OpenAlexW2012397917

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.