ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2006
Interferon-gamma independent formation of pulmonary granuloma in mice by injections with trehalose dimycolate (cord factor), lipoarabinomannan and phosphatidylinositol mannosides isolated from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Linking lipid profile alterations to antibiotic tolerance and natural product synergy in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Differential transcriptomics in sarcoidosis lung and lymph node granulomas with comparisons to pathogen-specific granulomas.Respiratory research · 2020Article
- Effects of nutritional and ambient oxygen condition on biofilm formation in Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis via altered glycolipid expression.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Divergent effects of mycobacterial cell wall glycolipids on maturation and function of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells.PloS one · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The mechanisms by which pulmonary granuloma formation is caused by administration of mycobacterial glycolipids such as trehalose dimycolate (TDM), lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIM) were investigated. When peritoneal and alveolar macrophages were stimulated with TDM, LAM and PIM in vitro, TDM exhibited the strongest tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-inducing activity. Responsiveness of macrophages from mice defected Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was much higher than that of the wild-type mice. Although PIM and LAM also had a significant activity, LAM rather than PIM stimulated higher TNF-alpha production by alveolar macrophage. When mycobacterial glycolipids were injected as water-in-oil-in-water emulsion into mice via the tail vein, development of pulmonary granuloma in response to glycolipids were related closely to their TNF-inducing activity and TDM exhibited the strongest activity. Granuloma formation was observed not only in mice lacking interleukin (IL)-12 signalling but also interferon (IFN)-gamma knock-out mice. Granuloma formation caused by glycolipids correlated with TNF-alpha levels in lungs. Administration of anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody into TDM-injected IFN-gamma knock-out mice decreased in granuloma formation, suggesting that development of pulmonary granuloma by mycobacterial glycolipids such as TDM is due to IFN-gamma-independent and TNF-alpha-dependent pathway.
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