ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology1997
Culture Conditions Affect the Molecular Weight Properties of Hyaluronic Acid Produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Tailored molecular weight hyaluronic acid production by engineered Lactococcus lactis.Microbial cell factories · 2026Article
- Optimizing hyaluronic acid production by Streptococcus zooepidemicus using taguchi method: effects of temperature and pH.Biotechnology letters · 2025Article
- Hyaluronic Acid: Production Strategies, Gel-Forming Properties, and Advances in Drug Delivery Systems.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Hyaluronic acid production by Klebsiella pneumoniae strain H15 (OP354286) under different fermentation conditions.BMC microbiology · 2023Article
- Microbial Hyaluronic Acid Production: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- A Review on Current Strategies for Extraction and Purification of Hyaluronic Acid.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Real-time metabolic heat-based specific growth rate soft sensor for monitoring and control of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid production by Streptococcus zooepidemicus.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Efficient production of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid with a two-stage fermentation.RSC advances · 2018Article
- Effect of ultrasonic degradation of hyaluronic acid extracted from rooster comb on antioxidant and antiglycation activities.Pharmaceutical biology · 2017Article
- Electrofiltration improves dead-end filtration of hyaluronic acid and presents an alternative downstream processing step that overcomes technological challenges of conventional methods.Engineering in life sciences · 2017Article
- Improved Yield of High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Production in a Stable Strain of Streptococcus zooepidemicus via the Elimination of the Hyaluronidase-Encoding Gene.Molecular biotechnology · 2017Article
- Construction of efficient Streptococcus zooepidemicus strains for hyaluoronic acid production based on identification of key genes involved in sucrose metabolism.AMB Express · 2016Article
- Green synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of hyaluronan/zinc oxide nanocomposite.OncoTargets and therapy · 2016Article
- Production of Hyaluronic Acid by Streptococcus zooepidemicus on Protein Substrates Obtained from Scyliorhinus canicula Discards.Marine drugs · 2015Article
- Heterologous Production of Hyaluronic Acid in an ε-Poly-L-Lysine Producer, Streptomyces albulus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
- Recent advances in exopolysaccharides from Paenibacillus spp.: production, isolation, structure, and bioactivities.Marine drugs · 2015Review
- Genetic and functional characterization of the hyaluronate lyase HylB and the beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase HylZ in Streptococcus zooepidemicus.Current microbiology · 2015Article
- Cashew apple juice as microbial cultivation medium for non-immunogenic hyaluronic acid production.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
The effect of five culture variables on the molecular weight properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus was studied in batch culture with a complex medium containing glucose and 10 g of yeast extract per liter. Neither the culture pH (pH 6.3 to 8.0) nor the agitation speed (300 to 1,000 rpm) affected the weight-average molecular weight (M(infw)) of HA under anaerobic conditions at 37(deg)C when 20 g of glucose per liter was used initially. M(infw) was in the narrow range of 1.5 x 10(sup6) to 2.3 x 10(sup6), and polydispersity (P) was between 1.8 and 2.5. When S. zooepidemicus was grown at lower temperatures or with aeration, higher-molecular-weight polymer and increased yields were observed. The polydispersity, however, remained unaffected. Anaerobically, the mean M(infw) (based on three samples taken within 4 h of glucose exhaustion) was (2.40 (plusmn) 0.10) x 10(sup6) and (1.90 (plusmn) 0.05) x 10(sup6) at 32 and 40(deg)C respectively. Aeration of the culture at 1 vol/vol/min produced HA with mean M(infw) of (2.65 (plusmn) 0.05) x 10(sup6) compared with (2.10 (plusmn) 0.10) x 10(sup6) under equivalent anaerobic conditions. The initial glucose concentration had the most pronounced effect on polymer characteristics. Increasing this concentration from 20 to 40 g/liter produced HA with mean M(infw) of (3.1 (plusmn) 0.1) x 10(sup6) at 1-vol/vol/min aeration. The molecular weight of HA also exhibited time dependency, with smaller chains (M(infw), ca. 2.5 x 10(sup6)) detected early in the culture time course, rising to a maximum (M(infw), 3.2 x 10(sup6)) in the late exponential phase of growth. The mean polydispersity was also greater (2.7 (plusmn) 0.1) under these conditions. Replicate experiments performed under conditions resulting in the lowest (40(deg)C, anaerobic) and highest (40 g of glucose per liter, 1-vol/vol/min aeration)-M(infw) polymer demonstrated excellent experimental reproducibility.
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