ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2006
Roles for HLA and KIR polymorphisms in natural killer cell repertoire selection and modulation of effector function.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 260 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
260 citing papers in PubMed, 523 citations in OpenAlex.
- KIR3DL1-HLA-Bw status in CML is associated with achievement of TFR: the POKSTIC trial, a multicenter observational study.Blood neoplasia · 2024Trial
- HIV protective KIR3DL1/S1-HLA-B genotypes influence NK cell-mediated inhibition of HIV replication in autologous CD4 targets.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- KIR, HLA, and IL28B variant predict response to antiviral therapy in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients in Japan.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Treatment-Free Remission in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Toward Precision and Personalized Approaches to Functional Cure.Cancer science · 2026Review
- Do FLT3 and KIR3DL1 converge on a common immune surveillance axis in treatment-free remission of chronic myeloid leukemia?Leukemia · 2026Article
- High KIR diversity in Uganda and Botswana children living with HIV.Human immunology · 2026Article
- Graph-KIR: graph-based KIR copy number estimation and allele calling using short-read sequencing data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors define a potent effector program in human γδ T cells.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Accessing medically relevant complex regions with a pangenome graph of 20 near-complete Japanese haplotypes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Genetically predicted KIR2DS4 mediate the association between gut microbe K10 and osteoporosis fractures: A mediation Mendelian randomization study.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Retinoids enhance NK effector function against HIV-infected CD4 T cells.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Integrative Roles of NK Receptors and γδ TCRs in γδ T Cell-Mediated Cancer Immunity.Immune network · 2026Review
- Leveraging the heterogeneity of the NK cell repertoire for the development of immunotherapies for acute leukemia.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) alleles suggested to be associated with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Selective agonists of KIR and NKG2A to evade missing self response of natural killer cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Genetic complexity of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genes in human pangenome assemblies.Genome research · 2024Article
- High-resolution KIR and HLA genotyping in three Chinese ethnic minorities reveals distinct origins.HLA · 2024Article
200 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Interactions between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligands regulate the development and response of human natural killer (NK) cells. Natural selection drove an allele-level group A KIR haplotype and the HLA-C1 ligand to unusually high frequency in the Japanese, who provide a particularly informative population for investigating the mechanisms by which KIR and HLA polymorphism influence NK cell repertoire and function. HLA class I ligands increase the frequencies of NK cells expressing cognate KIR, an effect modified by gene dose, KIR polymorphism, and the presence of other cognate ligand-receptor pairs. The five common Japanese KIR3DLI allotypes have distinguishable inhibitory capacity, frequency of cellular expression, and level of cell surface expression as measured by antibody binding. Although KIR haplotypes encoding 3DL1*001 or 3DL1*005, the strongest inhibitors, have no activating KIR, the dominant haplotype encodes a moderate inhibitor, 3DL1*01502, plus functional forms of the activating receptors 2DL4 and 2DS4. In the population, certain combinations of KIR and HLA class I ligand are overrepresented or underrepresented in women, but not men, and thus influence female fitness and survival. These findings show how KIR-HLA interactions shape the genetic and phenotypic KIR repertoires for both individual humans and the population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.