ReviewJournal of anatomy2006
Homology of the reptilian coracoid and a reappraisal of the evolution and development of the amniote pectoral apparatus.
Review in Journal of anatomy, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Embryos resolve the enigmatic origin of the theropod wishbone.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- The earliest segmental sternum in a Permian synapsid and its implications for the evolution of mammalian locomotion and ventilation.Scientific reports · 2022Review
- Development and growth of the pectoral girdle and fin skeleton in the extant coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae.Journal of anatomy · 2020Article
- Article
- A new clade of basal Early Cretaceous pygostylian birds and developmental plasticity of the avian shoulder girdle.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Three-dimensional mobility and muscle attachments in the pectoral limb of the Triassic cynodont Massetognathus pascuali (Romer, 1967).Journal of anatomy · 2018Article
- Alveoli, teeth, and tooth loss: Understanding the homology of internal mandibular structures in mysticete cetaceans.PloS one · 2017Article
- Origin of the unique morphology of the shoulder girdle in turtles.Journal of anatomy · 2013Article
- Clavicles, interclavicles, gastralia, and sternal ribs in sauropod dinosaurs: new reports from diplodocidae and their morphological, functional and evolutionary implications.Journal of anatomy · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As in monotreme mammals, the pectoral apparatus of basal (fossil) amniotes includes two coracoid elements, the procoracoid and metacoracoid. Among extant reptiles the metacoracoid has long been assumed lost; this notion is herein challenged. A comprehensive review of data from numerous sources, including the fossil record, experimental embryology, genetic manipulations and an analysis of morphology at the level cell condensations, supports the conclusion that the metacoracoid gives rise to the majority of the reptilian coracoid. By contrast, the reptilian procoracoid remains as a rudiment that is incorporated as a process of the (meta)coracoid and/or the glenoid region of the scapula early during development, prior to skeletogenesis. Application of this integrated approach corroborates and enhances previous work describing the evolution of the pectoral apparatus in mammals. A revised scenario of amniote coracoid evolution is presented emphasizing the importance of considering cell condensations when evaluating the homology of a skeletal complex.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.