ArticleCytokine2006
Tumor-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) inhibits T lymphocyte activation.
Article in Cytokine, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor immune microenvironment reconstitution in patient-derived organoids enables therapy modeling for NSCLC.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Association of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) with Therapy Response and Clinical Outcomes in HPV-Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Preliminary Report.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Multi-omics integration reveals that pyrimidine metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma drives an immunosuppressive microenvironment.iScience · 2026Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Ewing Sarcoma Tumors Demonstrates Transcriptional Heterogeneity and Clonal Evolution.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Article
- Blocking MIF secretion enhances CAR T-cell efficacy against neuroblastoma.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2025Article
- Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and the tumor ecosystem: a tale of inflammation, immune escape, and tumor growth.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- T cells in the microenvironment of solid pediatric tumors: the case of neuroblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Host derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor expression attenuates anti-tumoral immune cell accumulation and promotes immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2024Article
- SPP1+ macrophages in HR+ breast cancer are associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.NPJ breast cancer · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- MIF contribution to progressive brain diseases.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Single-cell analysis reveals diversity of tumor-associated macrophages and their interactions with T lymphocytes in glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment between Young-Onset and Old-Onset Colorectal Cancer.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Immunomodulatory Role of Thioredoxin Interacting Protein in Cancer's Impediments: Current Understanding and Therapeutic Implications.Vaccines · 2022Review
- TA-MSCs, TA-MSCs-EVs, MIF: their crosstalk in immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Review
- The IL-25-dependent tuft cell circuit driven by intestinal helminths requires macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF).Mucosal immunology · 2022Article
- RecombinantJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Artificial Tumor Microenvironments in Neuroblastoma.Cancers · 2021Review
- Loss of BAP1 expression is associated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment in uveal melanoma, with implications for immunotherapy development.The Journal of pathology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multi-functional cytokine that is considered a pro-inflammatory cytokine. However, our studies show that MIF, when produced in super-physiological levels by a murine neuroblastoma cell line (Neuro-2a) exceeding those normally seen during an immune response, inhibits cytokine-, CD3-, and allo-induced T-cell activation. MIF is also able to inhibit T cells that have already received an activation signal. The T-cell inhibitory effects of culture supernatants from neuroblastoma cells were reversed when the cells were transfected with dicer-generated si-RNA to MIF. When T cells were activated in vitro by co-culture with interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-15 and analyzed for cytokine production in the presence or absence of MIF-containing culture supernatant, inhibition of T-cell proliferation and induced cell death were observed even as the treated T cells produced high levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The inhibitory effects of MIF were partially reversed when lymphocytes from IFN-gamma knockout mice were tested. We propose that the high levels of MIF produced by neuroblastoma cause activation induced T-cell death through an IFN-gamma pathway and may eliminate activated T cells from the tumor microenvironment and thus contribute to escape from immune surveillance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.