ReviewPLoS pathogens2006
Modulation of tumor necrosis factor by microbial pathogens.
Review in PLoS pathogens, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 201 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proof-of-concept, randomized, controlled clinical trial of Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin for treatment of long-term type 1 diabetes.PloS one · 2012Trial
- The conserved coordination of acyl-homoserine lactone and PqsE signaling defines the RhlR-dependent quorum-sensing network inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The role of Moringa oleifera in enhancing fish performance and health: a comprehensive review of sustainable aquaculture applications.Veterinary research communications · 2025Review
- S-nitrosylation-triggered secretion of mycobacterial PknG leads to phosphorylation of SODD to prevent apoptosis of infected macrophages.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Beyond Tuberculosis: The Surprising Immunological Benefits of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccine in Infectious, Auto-Immune, and Inflammatory Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Human Enterovirus D68 infection - the intricate dance of cells, genes, and invading bugs.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- T-independent B-cell effect of agents associated with swine grower-finisher diarrhea.Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Cellular heterogeneity in TNF/TNFR1 signalling: live cell imaging of cell fate decisions in single cells.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- Association between the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis or bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunization in children and adolescents.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2023Article
- Evolution and immunopathology of chikungunya virus informs therapeutic development.Disease models & mechanisms · 2023Review
- Iron metabolism and ferroptosis in diabetic bone loss: from mechanism to therapy.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Engineering live attenuated vaccines: Old dogs learning new tricks.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2023Review
- TNF-α response in macrophages depends on clinicalVirulence · 2022Article
- Homocysteine and Inflammatory Cytokines in the Clinical Assessment of Infection in Venous Leg Ulcers.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- Tankyrase-mediated ADP-ribosylation is a regulator of TNF-induced death.Science advances · 2022Article
- Stratification of COVID-19 patients based on quantitative immune-related gene expression in whole blood.Molecular immunology · 2022Article
- Mammary tumors alter the fecal bacteriome and permit enteric bacterial translocation.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- A proteomic perspective on TNF-mediated signalling and cell death.Biochemical Society transactions · 2022Article
- Hype or hope of hyaluronic acid for osteoarthritis: Integrated clinical evidence synthesis with multi-organ transcriptomics.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2022Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In response to invasion by microbial pathogens, host defense mechanisms get activated by both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune responses. TNF (tumor necrosis factor) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine expressed by activated macrophages and lymphocytes that induces diverse cellular responses that can vary from apoptosis to the expression of genes involved in both early inflammatory and acquired immune responses. A wide spectrum of microbes has acquired elegant mechanisms to overcome or deflect the host responses mediated by TNF. For example, modulatory proteins encoded by multiple families of viruses can block TNF and TNF-mediated responses at multiple levels, such as the inhibition of the TNF ligand or its receptors, or by modulating key transduction molecules of the TNF signaling pathway. Bacteria, on the other hand, tend to modify TNF-mediated responses specifically by regulating components of the TNF signaling pathway. Investigation of these diverse strategies employed by viral and bacterial pathogens has significantly advanced our understanding of both host TNF responses and microbial pathogenesis. This review summarizes the diverse microbial strategies to regulate TNF and how such insights into TNF modulation could benefit the treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.