Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16517894›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2006

High-level ciprofloxacin resistance from point mutations in gyrA and parC confined to global hospital-adapted clonal lineage CC17 of Enterococcus faecium.

Helen L Leavis, Rob J L Willems, Janetta Top, Marc J M Bonten

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. The fitness connection of antibiotic resistance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025
    Article
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  8. Interactions between commensalFEMS microbes · 2024
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Detection of vancomycin-resistantGenome research · 2019
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Helen L LeavisDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Eijkman-Winkler Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Rm G04.614, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands. h.leavis@azu.nl
Rob J L Willems
Janetta Top
Marc J M Bonten

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To substantiate a common genetic background of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, 32 ciprofloxacin-resistant (Cip(r)) and 31 ciprofloxacin-susceptible (Cip(s)) isolates from outbreaks, clinical infections, surveillances, and animals from 10 different countries were genotyped by multilocus sequence typing. Additionally, susceptibilities to ampicillin and vancomycin and the presence of esp were determined and the quinolone resistance-determining regions of parC, gyrA, parB, and gyrE were sequenced. High-level Cip(r) (MIC > or = 64 microg/ml) due to point mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region was unique to a distinct hospital-adapted genetic complex in E. faecium, previously designated CC17. Low-level Cip(r) (MIC = 4 microg/ml) in non-CC17 strains is not attributable to point mutations in any subunit of the topoisomerase genes, and the mechanism of resistance remains unclear. Acquisition of mutations in parC and gyrA, leading to high-level Cip(r), is, in addition to ampicillin resistance and the presence of a putative pathogenicity island, another cumulative step in hospital adaptation of CC17.

Indexed as

Base SequenceCiprofloxacinCross InfectionDNA, BacterialDNA GyraseDNA Topoisomerase IVDrug Resistance, BacterialEnterococcus faeciumGenes, BacterialGenomic IslandsGenotypeGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsHumansModels, BiologicalPoint MutationVirulenceCiprofloxacinDNA, BacterialDNA GyraseDNA Topoisomerase IV

Identifiers

PMID16517894
PMCPMC1393140

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.