Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16517849›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2006

A successful, diverse disease-associated lineage of nontypeable pneumococci that has lost the capsular biosynthesis locus.

W P Hanage, T Kaijalainen, A Saukkoriipi, J L Rickcord, B G Spratt

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. An abundance ofMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Absence ofMicroorganisms · 2022
    Article
  8. PCR and Culture Analysis ofMicroorganisms · 2021
    Article
  9. The Best of All Worlds:Microorganisms · 2019
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Peptide Occurring in Enterobacteriaceae TriggersFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Mechanisms of genome evolution of Streptococcus.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2015
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

W P HanageDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, St. Mary's Hospital, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom. w.hanage@imperial.ac.uk
T Kaijalainen
A Saukkoriipi
J L Rickcord
B G Spratt

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae strains which fail to produce a polysaccharide capsule are commonly isolated from carriage and disease contexts. Here we use a multilocus approach to distinguish genuine nontypeable pneumococci from closely related nontypeable streptococcal isolates in a data set of 121 untypeable pneumococci from nasopharyngeal swabs and middle ear fluid of Finnish children and demonstrate that 70 of these belong to a pneumococcal lineage which has lost its capsular locus. Strains of this relatively old lineage include sequence types 344, 448, and 449. Comparison with the multilocus sequence typing database shows that strains of this lineage have spread intercontinentally and have been isolated from carriage, mucosal, and invasive disease. Furthermore we note a particular association of this nontypeable lineage with outbreaks of conjunctivitis. The diversification and geographic spread of this lineage suggest that loss of capsule is not inconsistent with long-term persistence and raise questions about the capsule's role in pneumococcal transmission.

Indexed as

Bacterial Typing TechniquesBase SequenceCarrier StateChildConjunctivitis, BacterialDatabases, FactualDNA, BacterialFinlandGenes, BacterialHumansOtitis MediaPhylogenyPneumococcal InfectionsPolysaccharides, BacterialStreptococcus pneumoniaeDNA, BacterialPolysaccharides, Bacterial

Identifiers

PMID16517849
PMCPMC1393106

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.