ArticleNucleic acids research1991
A ubiquitous enhancer shared by two promoters in the human aldolase A gene.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 1991. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulation of Human Papillomavirus 18 Genome Replication, Establishment, and Persistence by Sequences in the Viral Upstream Regulatory Region.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Role of sp transcription factors in the regulation of cancer cell metabolism.Genes & cancer · 2011Article
- The human pH aldolase A promoter directs widespread but muscle-predominant expression in transgenic mice.Transgenic research · 1998Article
- Independence and interdependence of the three human aldolase A promoters in transgenic mice.Gene expression · 1996Article
- Tissue specificity of L-pyruvate kinase transgenes results from the combinatorial effect of proximal promoter and distal activator regions.Gene expression · 1996Article
- Fast-muscle-specific expression of human aldolase A transgenes.Molecular and cellular biology · 1994Article
- Cell type-specific interactions of transcription factors with a housekeeping promoter in vivo.Nucleic acids research · 1993Article
- An opportunistic promoter sharing regulatory sequences with either a muscle-specific or a ubiquitous promoter in the human aldolase A gene.Molecular and cellular biology · 1993Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human aldolase A gene is transcribed from three different promoters, which are all clustered within a 1.6 kbp DNA domain. Two of these, PN and PH, are ubiquitous and seem to be co-regulated in most tissues while the third one, PM, is specific to adult skeletal muscle. We investigated the sequences involved in the ubiquitous activity of the PN and PH promoters of the human aldolase A gene. Deletion analysis, performed by transient expression assays of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter genes in human HepG2 hepatoma cells, indicated that PH activity results from the interaction of an upstream activating region with two distinct core promoters. The upstream activating region was able to stimulate transcription from the HSV tk promoter as efficiently as the SV40 enhancer in all cell types tested. It appears, therefore, to be a strong ubiquitous enhancer. DNAsel footprinting revealed protections covering sequences scattered along the enhancer, including Sp1 and AP1 motifs. Importantly, we found that this enhancer was also necessary to activity of the other ubiquitous promoter of the aldolase A gene, PN. These studies demonstrate that expression of the human aldolase A gene is mediated by a complex interplay of enhancer and promoter elements.
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