ArticleRetrovirology2006
HTLV-I antisense transcripts initiating in the 3'LTR are alternatively spliced and polyadenylated.
Article in Retrovirology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers.
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Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 167 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Intron-oriented HTLV-1 integration in an adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cell line sustains expression of intact ift81 mRNA.FEBS letters · 2025Article
- Splicing-dependent restriction of the HBZ gene by Tax underlies biphasic HTLV-1 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- HTLV-I Basic Leucine Zipper Factor (sHBZ) Actively Associates with Nucleophosmin (B23) in the Nucleolus.Viruses · 2025Article
- Review
- The Assembly of HTLV-1-How Does It Differ from HIV-1?Viruses · 2024Review
- TheViruses · 2024Article
- Preclinical assessment of an anti-HTLV-1 heterologous DNA/MVA vaccine protocol expressing a multiepitope HBZ protein.Virology journal · 2023Article
- The Pleiotropic Effects of YBX1 on HTLV-1 Transcription.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- HTLV-1 Hbz protein, but not hbz mRNA secondary structure, is critical for viral persistence and disease development.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Origin and functional role of antisense transcription in endogenous and exogenous retroviruses.Retrovirology · 2023Review
- HBZ upregulates myoferlin expression to facilitate HTLV-1 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Novel perspectives on antisense transcription in HIV-1, HTLV-1, and HTLV-2.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- The Road to HTLV-1-Induced Leukemia by Following the Subcellular Localization of HTLV-1-Encoded HBZ Protein.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Alternative RNA splicing in cancer: what about adult T-cell leukemia?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The endogenous HBZ interactome in ATL leukemic cells reveals an unprecedented complexity of host interacting partners involved in RNA splicing.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- A newly identified interaction between nucleolar NPM1/B23 and the HTLV-I basic leucine zipper factor in HTLV-1 infected cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Dual cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of HTLV-1-encoded HBZ protein is a unique feature of adult T-cell leukemia.Haematologica · 2021Article
- Review
- Human retroviral antisense mRNAs are retained in the nuclei of infected cells for viral persistence.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntisense transcription in retroviruses has been suggested for both HIV-1 and HTLV-I, although the existence and coding potential of these transcripts remain controversial. Thorough characterization is required to demonstrate the existence of these transcripts and gain insight into their role in retrovirus biology.
resultsThis report provides the first complete characterization of an antisense retroviral transcript that encodes the previously described HTLV-I HBZ protein. In this study, we show that HBZ-encoding transcripts initiate in the 3' long terminal repeat (LTR) at several positions and consist of two alternatively spliced variants (SP1 and SP2). Expression of the most abundant HBZ spliced variant (SP1) could be detected in different HTLV-I-infected cell lines and importantly in cellular clones isolated from HTLV-I-infected patients. Polyadenylation of HBZ RNA occurred at a distance of 1450 nucleotides downstream of the HBZ stop codon in close proximity of a typical polyA signal. We have also determined that translation mostly initiates from the first exon located in the 3' LTR and that the HBZ isoform produced from the SP1 spliced variant demonstrated inhibition of Tax and c-Jun-dependent transcriptional activation.
conclusionThese results conclusively demonstrate the existence of antisense transcription in retroviruses, which likely plays a role in HTLV-I-associated pathogenesis through HBZ protein synthesis.
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