ArticleAnnals of surgery2006
Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), a hypoxia-related protein, rather than vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic factor, correlates with an extremely poor prognosis in esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas.
Article in Annals of surgery, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of carbonic anhydrase IX immunohistochemical expression in renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of the literature.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Prognostic relevance of carbonic anhydrase-IX in high-risk, early-stage cervical cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study.Gynecologic oncology · 2010Trial
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- Indoline-5-Sulfonamides: A Role of the Core in Inhibition of Cancer-Related Carbonic Anhydrases, Antiproliferative Activity and Circumventing of Multidrug Resistance.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Carbonic Anhydrases II and IX in Non-ampullary Duodenal Adenomas and Adenocarcinoma.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2021Article
- Construction and Verification of a Hypoxia-Stemness-Based Gene Signature for Risk Stratification in Esophageal Cancer.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2021Article
- Hypoxia and its impact on the tumour microenvironment of gastroesophageal cancers.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2021Review
- Diagnostic potential of hypoxia-induced genes in liquid biopsies of breast cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Modulation of Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Radiotherapy Efficacy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting Carbonic Anhydrase IX.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
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- Antiangiogenic Targets for Glioblastoma Therapy from a Pre-Clinical Approach, Using Nanoformulations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Identifying Biomarkers in Lymph Node Metastases of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma for Tumor-Targeted Imaging.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2020Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) and vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas and in turn with the histologic subtype. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Tumor hypoxia is an important factor in therapy resistance. A low oxygen concentration in tumors stimulates a.o. the expression of CA IX, a marker of hypoxia, and VEGF, a pro-angiogenic factor.
methodsWe evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of CA IX and VEGF on paraffin-embedded material of 154 resection specimens: 39 esophageal, 73 cardiac, and 42 distal gastric adenocarcinomas (UICC classification). The adenocarcinomas were subtyped according to the Lauren classification (intestinal- and diffuse-type). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: chi test, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model.
resultsCA IX and VEGF expression were independent of the localization of the tumor. However, intestinal-type adenocarcinomas showed a significantly higher expression of CA IX as well as VEGF than diffuse-type tumors. VEGF expression was associated with a high microvessel density. Although survival analysis showed that CA IX expression (P = 0.008) as well as the coexpression of CA IX and VEGF (P = 0.008) correlate with a poor outcome, only CA IX expression is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and metastasis-free survival.
conclusionThe difference in expression of CA IX and VEGF between intestinal- and diffuse-type adenocarcinomas may possibly explain the different clinical behavior of these tumors. CA IX expression, rather than VEGF positivity in tumors, enables the identification of a subpopulation, characterized by a more aggressive behavior and a poorer prognosis.
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