ArticleInfection and immunity2006
Toll-like receptor 2 mediates alveolar macrophage response to Pneumocystis murina.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myeloid TLR2 signaling amplifies immunopathology in influenza-infected murine neonates.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Immune Responses toJournal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Immune responses of different hosts toEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- Article
- Targeting β-glucans, vital components of theFrontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Immune Response inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Dectin-2 Is a C-Type Lectin Receptor that Recognizes Pneumocystis and Participates in Innate Immune Responses.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2018Article
- Mechanisms of Action of Vitamin D as Supplemental Therapy for Pneumocystis Pneumonia.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Global Reprogramming of Host Kinase Signaling in Response to Fungal Infection.Cell host & microbe · 2017Article
- The Interaction ofJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- The life cycle stages of Pneumocystis murina have opposing effects on the immune response to this opportunistic, fungal pathogen.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 Mediates Alveolar Macrophage Pyroptosis During LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2016Article
- Intra-Peritoneal Administration of Mitochondrial DNA Provokes Acute Lung Injury and Systemic Inflammation via Toll-Like Receptor 9.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Article
- Vitamin D as Supplemental Therapy for Pneumocystis Pneumonia.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Inhibition of Alveolar Macrophage Pyroptosis Reduces Lipopolysaccharide-induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice.Chinese medical journal · 2015Article
- Characterization of chemokine and chemokine receptor expression during Pneumocystis infection in healthy and immunodeficient mice.Microbes and infection · 2015Article
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells impair alveolar macrophages through PD-1 receptor ligation during Pneumocystis pneumonia.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- Genetic variants of innate immune receptors and infections after liver transplantation.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Review
- Clearance of Pneumocystis murina infection is not dependent on MyD88.Microbes and infection · 2014Article
- Clustering of pattern recognition receptors for fungal detection.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The innate immune response to Pneumocystis infection is not well understood. In this study, normal C57BL/6 mouse alveolar macrophages were found to respond to Pneumocystis murina organisms through Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), leading to the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and the production of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). P. murina stimulation of normal alveolar macrophages from C57BL/6 mice resulted in increased TLR2 transcription but not increased TLR4 transcription. In gain-of-function studies with HEK293 cells expressing TLR2 or TLR4, only TLR2 was found to stimulate an NF-kappaB response to P. murina. TNF-alpha and MIP-2 production in response to P. murina by mouse alveolar macrophages was inhibited by a monoclonal antibody that specifically blocked the ligand-binding ability of TLR2. Alveolar macrophages from TLR2 knockout (TLR2-/-) mice showed little increase in TNF-alpha and MIP-2 mRNA levels upon P. murina stimulation. An in vivo study showed that TLR2-/- mice challenged with P. murina had reduced cytokine responses. These results indicate that TLR2 plays a major role in the innate immune response to P. murina.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.