ArticleDiabetologia2006
Preterm birth and later insulin resistance: effects of birth weight and postnatal growth in a population based longitudinal study from birth into adult life.
Article in Diabetologia, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Postnatal growth in preterm infants and later health outcomes: a systematic review.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2015Pooled it
- Surviving prematurity: retrospective longitudinal study of multisystem consequences in preterm-born individuals from infancy to adolescence.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Preterm birth: A neuroinflammatory origin for metabolic diseases?Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Review
- Article
- Genetic association study of Preterm birth and Gestational age in a population-based case-control study in Peru: Genetics of PTB and GA in pregnant women in Peru.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Birth size, growth trajectory and later cardio-metabolic risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Growth in extremely preterm children born in England in 1995 and 2006: the EPICure studies.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2022Article
- An update of the consensus statement on insulin resistance in children 2010.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Preterm birth and its associated factors among reproductive aged women in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from the recent demographic and health surveys of sub-Sharan African countries.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Reproductive risks in 35-year-old adults born very preterm and/or with very low birth weight: an observational study.European journal of pediatrics · 2021Observational
- Size at birth, growth trajectory in early life, and cardiovascular and metabolic risks in early adulthood: EPICure study.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2021Article
- Article
- Does low birthweight matter?Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2020Article
- Psychosocial developmental trajectory of a cohort of young adults born very preterm and/or with a very low birth weight in the Netherlands.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2019Article
- Infant Growth and Long-term Cardiometabolic Health: a Review of Recent Findings.Current nutrition reports · 2019Review
- Insulin Resistance in Children.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Preterm Birth: Long Term Cardiovascular and Renal Consequences.Current pediatric reviews · 2018Review
- The impact of intrauterine and extrauterine weight gain in premature infants on later body composition.Pediatric research · 2017Article
- Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Altered Gluconeogenic Pathway in Premature Baboons.Endocrinology · 2017Article
- Long-term metabolic risk among children born premature or small for gestational age.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/hypothesisAn increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with low birthweight after full-term gestation, including amplification of this risk by weight gain during infancy and adult body composition. Premature birth is also associated with insulin resistance, but studies conducted so far have not provided follow-up into adulthood. We studied the effects of (1) lower birthweight (as standard deviation score [SDS]) and infancy weight gain on insulin resistance in 19-year-olds born before 32 weeks of gestation, and (2) the interaction between lower birthweight SDS and infancy weight gain, as well as between lower birthweight and adult body composition, on insulin resistance.
methodsThis was a prospective follow-up study in 346 subjects from the Project on Preterm and Small-for-gestational-age infants cohort, in whom fasting glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels were measured at 19 years. Insulin resistance was calculated with homeostatic modelling (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index [HOMA-IR]).
resultsBirthweight SDS was unrelated to the outcomes. Rapid infancy weight gain until 3 months post-term was weakly associated with higher insulin level (p=0.05). Adult fatness was positively associated with insulin and C-peptide levels and HOMA-IR (all p<0.001). On these parameters, there was a statistical interaction between birthweight SDS and adult fat mass (p=0.002 to 0.03). CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationIn subjects born very preterm, rapid infancy weight gain until 3 months predicted higher insulin levels at 19 years, but the association was weak. Adult obesity strongly predicted higher insulin and C-peptide levels as well as HOMA-IR. The effect of adult fat mass on these parameters was dependent on its interaction with birthweight SDS.
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