ArticleThorax2006
Evaluation of airway inflammation by quantitative Th1/Th2 cytokine mRNA measurement in sputum of asthma patients.
Article in Thorax, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 76 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Development and Validation of a Sputum Biomarker mRNA Panel for the Diagnostic Work-up of Asthma 1.
Validation Screening Protocol for the Diagnosis of Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction in Young Elite Athletes (13-18 y)
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Trial
- The effects of lebrikizumab in patients with mild asthma following whole lung allergen challenge.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2014Trial
- Garlic-derived allyl sulfides attenuate house dust mite-induced allergic airway inflammation associated with reduced PI3K/NF-κB signaling.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Asthma Alleviation by Ginsenoside Rb1 via Promotion of Treg Proliferation and Inflammatory T Cell Inhibition.Allergy · 2025Article
- Type 1 Immune Responses Related to Viral Infection Influence Corticosteroid Response in Asthma.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- House dust mite-induced asthma exacerbates Alzheimer's disease changes in the brain of the AppBrain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Short-term, nonsurgical periodontal therapy boosts interleukin-12 levels and reduces oral cancer risk.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Article
- Association of endometriosis with asthma: a study of the NHANES database in 1999-2006.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Severe Asthmatic Responses: The Impact of TSLP.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Effects of theophylline combined with inhaled corticosteroids on patients with moderate and severe asthma and changes of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood.Central-European journal of immunology · 2023Article
- Methyl P-Coumarate Ameliorates the Inflammatory Response in Activated-Airway Epithelial Cells and Mice with Allergic Asthma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Ameliorative Effect of Imperatorin onMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A statistical physics approach for disease module detection.Genome research · 2022Article
- Identification of Hub Genes and Potential Biomarkers for Childhood Asthma by Utilizing an Established Bioinformatic Analysis Approach.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Review
- Review
- Evaluation of a Novel Adjuvanted Vaccine for Ultrashort Regimen Therapy ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Physiological and Psychological Assessments for the Establishment of Evidence-Based Forest Healing Programs.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAsthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways driven by T cell activation. Th2 cells and their cytokines are thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of allergic as well as non-allergic asthma.
methodsAirway cells were obtained by sputum induction from 15 healthy and 39 asthmatic individuals and the airway T cell cytokine profiles (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-gamma) at the mRNA level were studied by real time RT-PCR.
resultsAsthma patients had increased expression of IL-5 (p = 0.001) and IL-13 (p = 0.03) mRNA in sputum compared with non-asthmatic controls. IL-4 mRNA and IFN-gamma mRNA were detectable in the sputum of 44% and 21% of patients, respectively, but not in controls. Sputum IL-10 mRNA levels did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Sputum mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 were significantly correlated with the percentage of eosinophils and were higher in subjects with allergic asthma than in those with non-allergic asthma (p = 0.03, p = 0.02 and p = 0.0002, respectively); they did not differ between mild asthmatic subjects and those with moderate to severe asthma. In contrast, IFN-gamma mRNA expression was higher in non-allergic than in allergic patients (p = 0.04) and higher in patients with moderate to severe asthma than in those with mild asthma (p<0.01). Sputum IL-5 mRNA levels (but not the other cytokine mRNA levels) were also correlated with exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and with bronchial hyperreactivity expressed as the histamine concentration resulting in a 20% decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second.
conclusionReal time RT-PCR analysis of mRNA in induced sputum confirms a predominance of Th2 cytokines in both allergic and non-allergic asthma. IL-5 levels reflect eosinophil infiltration as well as eNO levels and hyperreactivity, and levels of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma indicate asthma severity. The technique is a promising tool for use in further studies of asthma severity and disease activity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.