ArticleSurgical endoscopy2006
Carbon dioxide differentially affects the cytokine release of macrophage subpopulations exclusively via alteration of extracellular pH.
Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Treatment With Melatonin After Corneal Graft Attenuates Rejection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Humidified Warmed COFrontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- Does Helium Pneumoperitoneum Reduce the Hyperinflammatory Response in Septic Animals during Laparoscopy?Surgery research and practice · 2020Article
- Effects of COSurgical endoscopy · 2019Article
- Tumor necrosis factor expression is ameliorated after exposure to an acidic environment.The Journal of surgical research · 2012Article
- Carbon dioxide modifies the morphology and function of mesothelial cells and facilitates transepithelial neuroblastoma cell migration.Pediatric surgery international · 2010Article
- Bench-to-bedside review: hypercapnic acidosis in lung injury--from 'permissive' to 'therapeutic'.Critical care (London, England) · 2010Review
- Elevated CO2 suppresses specific Drosophila innate immune responses and resistance to bacterial infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2009Article
- Carbon dioxide does not affect the methylation status of prognostic important oncogenes Rassf1A and DCR2 in neuroblastoma cells.Pediatric surgery international · 2008Article
- Carbon dioxide directly suppresses spontaneous migration, chemotaxis, and free radical production of human neutrophils.Surgical endoscopy · 2008Article
- Effects of simulated carbon dioxide and helium peumoperitoneum on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells.World journal of gastroenterology · 2008Article
- Pleural macrophages are the dominant cell population in the thoracic cavity with an inflammatory cytokine profile similar to peritoneal macrophages.Pediatric surgery international · 2007Article
- Exposure to carbon dioxide and helium reduces in vitro proliferation of pediatric tumor cells.Pediatric surgery international · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe improved outcome after endoscopic surgery has been attributed to less surgical trauma. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and direct effects of CO2 used for pneumoperitoneum, cellular acidification, and/or the lack of air contamination have been postulated to additionally modulate immune functions during endoscopic surgery. We investigated the effects of CO2 incubation, extracellular acidification, and air contamination on the inflammatory response of two distinct macrophage populations.
methodsR2 and NR 8383 rat macrophage cell lines were used. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation were determined in these sets of experiments: incubation in 100% CO2, 5% CO2, and room air for 2h; incubation at pH 7.4, 6.5, and 5.5 for 2 h in 5% CO2; and incubation in 100% CO2, 5% CO2 and room air in fixed pH 6.3. The extracellular pH was monitored during incubation. We determined the alteration of intracellular pH in cells subjected to extracellular acidification by fluorescence microscopy.
resultsExtracellular pH decreased to 6.3 during 100% CO2 incubation. IL-6 release was reduced after CO2 incubation in NR 8383 cells and increased in R2 cells (p < 0.05). It was not altered by air incubation. Decreasing the extracellular pH to 6.5 mimicked the effects of CO2 and a decrease to 5.5 suppressed IL-6 release in both cell lines. In fixed pH at 6.3, CO2 and air incubation had no effect. CO2 and pH had no impact on nitric oxide release and vitality. Intracellular pH decreased with extracellular acidification without significant difference between the two cell lines.
conclusionsA decrease in extracellular pH during incubation in CO2 differentially affects IL-6 release in macrophage subpopulations. This may explain contradictory results in the literature. Moreover, we demonstrated that air contamination does not affect macrophage cytokine release. The decrease in extracellular pH is the primary underlying mechanism of the alteration of macrophage cytokine release after CO2 incubation, and it appears that the ability to maintain intracellular pH is not determined by the effects of CO2 or extracellular acidification.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.