ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2006
Discordances between interpretation algorithms for genotypic resistance to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus are subtype dependent.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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25 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- New antiretroviral inhibitors and HIV-1 drug resistance: more focus on 90% HIV-1 isolates?FEMS microbiology reviews · 2023Review
- Accumulation of integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance mutations confers high-level resistance to dolutegravir in non-B subtype HIV-1 strains from patients failing raltegravir in Uganda.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Article
- HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and drug resistance-associated mutations among treatment-naïve blood donors in China.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Discordance between Etravirine Phenotype and Genotype-Based Predicted Phenotype for Subtype C HIV-1 from First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Failures in South Africa.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Article
- The S68G polymorphism is a compensatory mutation associated with the drug resistance mutation K65R in CRF01_AE strains.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Impact of Changes Over Time in the Stanford University Genotypic Resistance Interpretation Algorithm.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Comparison of genotypic and virtual phenotypic drug resistance interpretations with laboratory-based phenotypes among CRF01_AE and subtype B HIV-infected individuals.Journal of medical virology · 2016Article
- Development of an HIV-1 Subtype Panel in China: Isolation and Characterization of 30 HIV-1 Primary Strains Circulating in China.PloS one · 2015Article
- Roles and functions of HIV-1 Tat protein in the CNS: an overview.Virology journal · 2013Review
- Tenofovir-based regimens associated with less drug resistance in HIV-1-infected Nigerians failing first-line antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Article
- HIV-1 Genetic Variability and Clinical Implications.ISRN microbiology · 2013Article
- Comparison of predicted susceptibility between genotype and virtual phenotype HIV drug resistance interpretation systems among treatment-naive HIV-infected patients in Asia: TASER-M cohort analysis.BMC research notes · 2012Article
- HIV Drug-Resistant Patient Information Management, Analysis, and Interpretation.JMIR research protocols · 2012Article
- Pilot studies for development of an HIV subtype panel for surveillance of global diversity.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2012Article
- Most HIV type 1 non-B infections in the Spanish cohort of antiretroviral treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients (CoRIS) are due to recombinant viruses.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2012Article
- Article
- Replicative phenotyping adds value to genotypic resistance testing in heavily pre-treated HIV-infected individuals--the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.Journal of translational medicine · 2011Article
- HIV-1 protease codon 36 polymorphisms and differential development of resistance to nelfinavir, lopinavir, and atazanavir in different HIV-1 subtypes.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2010Article
- Transmitted drug resistance in nonsubtype B HIV-1 infection.HIV therapy · 2009Article
- TREAT Asia Quality Assessment Scheme (TAQAS) to standardize the outcome of HIV genotypic resistance testing in a group of Asian laboratories.Journal of virological methods · 2009Article
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Authors and funding
34 authors at 16 institutions in 12 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The major limitation of drug resistance genotyping for human immunodeficiency virus remains the interpretation of the results. We evaluated the concordance in predicting therapy response between four different interpretation algorithms (Rega 6.3, HIVDB-08/04, ANRS [07/04], and VGI 8.0). Sequences were gathered through a worldwide effort to establish a database of non-B subtype sequences, and demographic and clinical information about the patients was gathered. The most concordant results were found for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (93%), followed by protease inhibitors (84%) and nucleoside RT inhibitor (NRTIs) (76%). For therapy-naive patients, for nelfinavir, especially for subtypes C and G, the discordances were driven mainly by the protease (PRO) mutational pattern 82I/V + 63P + 36I/V for subtype C and 82I + 63P + 36I + 20I for subtype G. Subtype F displayed more discordances for ritonavir in untreated patients due to the combined presence of PRO 20R and 10I/V. In therapy-experienced patients, subtype G displayed a lot of discordances for saquinavir and indinavir due to mutational patterns involving PRO 90 M and 82I. Subtype F had more discordance for nelfinavir attributable to the presence of PRO 88S and 82A + 54V. For the NRTIs lamivudine and emtricitabine, CRF01_AE had more discordances than subtype B due to the presence of RT mutational patterns 65R + 115 M and 118I + 215Y, respectively. Overall, the different algorithms agreed well on the level of resistance scored, but some of the discordances could be attributed to specific (subtype-dependent) combinations of mutations. It is not yet known whether therapy response is subtype dependent, but the advice given to clinicians based on a genotypic interpretation algorithm differs according to the subtype.
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