ArticleHuman genetics2006
Inactivation status of PCDH11X: sexual dimorphisms in gene expression levels in brain.
Article in Human genetics, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetic mechanisms regulate sex-specific bias in disease manifestations.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
- Sex Differences in Alzheimer's Disease: Insights From the Multiomics Landscape.Biological psychiatry · 2022Review
- Genes that escape from X-chromosome inactivation: Potential contributors to Klinefelter syndrome.American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics · 2020Review
- Sexual dimorphism in the expression of GKN2 and FOXA2 genes in the human stomach.Molecular biology reports · 2019Article
- The X Files: "The Mystery of X Chromosome Instability in Alzheimer's Disease".Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- Genetics of the human Y chromosome and its association with male infertility.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2018Review
- Unraveling the genes implicated in Alzheimer's disease.Biomedical reports · 2017Article
- Sex differences in brain plasticity: a new hypothesis for sex ratio bias in autism.Molecular autism · 2015Article
- Protocadherin 11 x regulates differentiation and proliferation of neural stem cell in vitro and in vivo.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2014Article
- Protocadherin 11X/Y a human-specific gene pair: an immunohistochemical survey of fetal and adult brains.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2013Article
- Copy number variation-based polymorphism in a new pseudoautosomal region 3 (PAR3) of a human X-chromosome-transposed region (XTR) in the Y chromosome.Functional & integrative genomics · 2013Article
- The protocadherin 11X/Y (PCDH11X/Y) gene pair as determinant of cerebral asymmetry in modern Homo sapiens.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2013Article
- Genome-wide methylation profiling identifies hypermethylated biomarkers in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.Epigenetics · 2012Article
- Chromosome-wide DNA methylation analysis predicts human tissue-specific X inactivation.Human genetics · 2011Article
- Fine mapping of the chromosome 10q11-q21 linkage region in Alzheimer's disease cases and controls.Neurogenetics · 2010Article
- Characterization of X-linked SNP genotypic variation in globally distributed human populations.Genome biology · 2010Article
- Genetic and epigenetic underpinnings of sex differences in the brain and in neurological and psychiatric disease susceptibility.Progress in brain research · 2010Review
- Genetic variation in PCDH11X is associated with susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease.Nature genetics · 2009Article
- Dysregulation of X-linked gene expression in Klinefelter's syndrome and association with verbal cognition.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2007Article
- Replication profile of PCDH11X and PCDH11Y, a gene pair located in the non-pseudoautosomal homologous region Xq21.3/Yp11.2.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Genes escaping X-inactivation are predicted to contribute to differences in gene dosage between the sexes and are the prime candidates for being involved in the phenotype observed in individuals with X chromosome aneuploidies. Of particular interest is ProtocadherinX (PCDH11X or PCDHX), a recently described gene expressed in brain. In humans, PCDH11X has a homologue on the Y chromosome and is predicted to escape from X-inactivation. Employing bisulphite sequencing analysis we found absence of CpG island methylation on both the active and the inactive X chromosomes, providing a strong indication that PCDH11X escapes inactivation in humans. Furthermore, a sexual dimorphism in levels of expression in brain tissue was observed by quantitative real-time PCR, with females presenting an up to 2-fold excess in the abundance of PCDH11X transcripts. We relate these findings to sexually dimorphic traits in the human brain. Interestingly, PCDH11X/Y gene pair is unique to Homo sapiens, since the X-linked gene was transposed to the Y chromosome after the human-chimpanzee lineages split. Although no differences in promoter methylation were found between humans and chimpanzees, evidence of an upregulation of PCDH11X in humans deserves further investigation.
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