ArticleCancer research2006
Helicobacter infection is required for inflammation and colon cancer in SMAD3-deficient mice.
Article in Cancer research, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 206 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet, Microbes, and Cancer Across the Tree of Life: a Systematic Review.Current nutrition reports · 2022Pooled it
- Mediterranean Diet to Prevent the Development of Colon Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Gut Microbiota Studies.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- CAF-derived PAI-1 serves as an EGFR ligand and fuels KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Dominant effects of the immediate environment on the gut microbiome of mice used in biomedical research.mSystems · 2025Article
- New insights into biomarkers and risk stratification to predict hepatocellular cancer.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Identifying Common Genetic Etiologies Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Related Immune-Mediated Diseases.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Loss of MMR and TGFBR2 Increases the Susceptibility to Microbiota-Dependent Inflammation-Associated Colon Cancer.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2022Article
- Microbiota-specific T follicular helper cells drive tertiary lymphoid structures and anti-tumor immunity against colorectal cancer.Immunity · 2021Article
- Mice with dysfunctional TGF-β signaling develop altered intestinal microbiome and colorectal cancer resistant to 5FU.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2021Article
- TGF-β Signaling in Liver, Pancreas, and Gastrointestinal Diseases and Cancer.Gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Tying Small Changes to Large Outcomes: The Cautious Promise in Incorporating the Microbiome into Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Consideration of Gut Microbiome in Murine Models of Diseases.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- It takes a village: microbiota, parainflammation, paligenosis and bystander effects in colorectal cancer initiation.Disease models & mechanisms · 2021Review
- Chemical conversion of human epidermal stem cells into intestinal goblet cells for modeling mucus-microbe interaction and therapy.Science advances · 2021Article
- The Interaction Between the Microbiome and Tumors.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Results of endoscopy in 35,525 patients with precancerous diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2021Article
- Complex Microbiota in Laboratory Rodents: Management Considerations.ILAR journal · 2020Article
- Protective Effects of ALDH1A Enzyme Inhibition onNutrients · 2020Article
- Role of Inflammation in Pathophysiology of Colonic Disease: An Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Effect of Chronic Vitamin D Deficiency on the Development and Severity of DSS-Induced Colon Cancer inComparative medicine · 2020Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that intestinal microbial organisms may play an important role in triggering and sustaining inflammation in individuals afflicted with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, individuals with IBD are at increased risk for developing colorectal cancer, suggesting that chronic inflammation may initiate genetic or epigenetic changes associated with cancer development. We tested the hypothesis that bacteria may contribute to the development of colon cancer by synergizing with defective transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling, a pathway commonly mutated in human colon cancer. Although others have reported that mice deficient in the TGF-beta signaling molecule SMAD3 develop colon cancer, we found that SMAD3-deficient mice maintained free of the Gram-negative enterohepatic bacteria Helicobacter spp. for up to 9 months do not develop colon cancer. Furthermore, infection of SMAD3(-/-) mice with Helicobacter triggers colon cancer in 50% to 66% of the animals. Using real-time PCR, we found that Helicobacter organisms concentrate in the cecum, the preferred site of tumor development. Mucinous adenocarcinomas develop 5 to 30 weeks after infection and are preceded by an early inflammatory phase, consisting of increased proliferation of epithelial cells; increased numbers of cyclooxygenase-2-positive cells, CD4(+) T cells, macrophages; and increased MHC class II expression. Colonic tissue revealed increased transcripts for the oncogene c-myc and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-1beta, IL-6, IFN-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, some of which have been implicated in colon cancer. These results suggest that bacteria may be important in triggering colorectal cancer, notably in the context of gene mutations in the TGF-beta signaling pathway, one of the most commonly affected cellular pathways in colorectal cancer in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.