ArticleCost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E2006
The association between diabetes related medical costs and glycemic control: a retrospective analysis.
Article in Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- The global impact of non-communicable diseases on healthcare spending and national income: a systematic review.European journal of epidemiology · 2015Pooled it
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- Adherence to positive airway pressure therapy and healthcare resource utilization and costs among patients with obstructive sleep apnea and obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Social Inequalities in Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Cardiovascular Events Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparison of outcomes in patients with and without neurologic diseases undergoing holmium laser enucleation of the prostate.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2024Article
- Health and Economic Impacts of Implementing Produce Prescription Programs for Diabetes in the United States: A Microsimulation Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Assessment of food labeling knowledge and associated reading barriers among patients with diabetes.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Article
- Adoption of and adherence to the Hellenic Diabetes Association guidelines for the management of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Greek physicians.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2021Article
- Effects of conformance to type 2 diabetes guidelines on health care resource utilization, clinical outcomes, and cost: A retrospective claims analysis.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2020Article
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh: a prevalence based cost-of-illness study.BMC health services research · 2019Article
- Glycaemic Control for People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bangladesh - An urgent need for optimization of management plan.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Treatment Costs and Factors Associated with Glycemic Control among Patients with Diabetes in the United Arab Emirates.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2018Article
- Glycaemic control for people with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia - an urgent need for a review of management plan.BMC endocrine disorders · 2018Article
- Uncontrolled diabetes and health care utilisation: panel data evidence from Spain.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2018Article
- Factors associated with glycemic control among diabetic adult out-patients in Northeast Ethiopia.BMC research notes · 2018Article
- Clinical Benefits Over Time Associated with Use of V-Go Wearable Insulin Delivery Device in Adult Patients with Diabetes: A Retrospective Analysis.Advances in therapy · 2018Article
- Estimated Cost-Effectiveness, Cost Benefit, and Risk Reduction Associated with an Endocrinologist-Pharmacist Diabetes Intense Medical Management "Tune-Up" Clinic.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2017Article
- Diabetes management with a care coordinator improves glucose control in African Americans and Hispanics.Journal of education and health promotion · 2017Article
- Medication adherence and glycemic control among newly diagnosed diabetes patients.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe objective of this research is to quantify the association between direct medical costs attributable to type 2 diabetes and level of glycemic control.
methodsA longitudinal analysis using a large health plan administrative database was performed. The index date was defined as the first date of diabetes diagnosis and individuals had to have at least two HbA1c values post index date in order to be included in the analyses. A total of 10,780 individuals were included in the analyses. Individuals were stratified into groups of good (N = 6,069), fair (N = 3,586), and poor (N = 1,125) glycemic control based upon mean HbA1c values across the study period. Differences between HbA1c groups were analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM), with differences between groups tested by utilizing z-statistics. The analyses allowed a wide range of factors to affect costs.
results42.1% of those treated only with oral agents, 66.1% of those treated with oral agents and insulin, and 57.2% of those treated with insulin alone were found to have suboptimal control (defined as fair or poor) throughout the study period (average duration of follow-up was 2.95 years). Results show that direct medical costs attributable to type 2 diabetes were 16% lower for individuals with good glycemic control than for those with fair control ($1,505 vs. $1,801, p < 0.05), and 20% lower for those with good glycemic control than for those with poor control ($1,505 vs. $1,871, p < 0.05). Prescription drug costs were also significantly lower for individuals with good glycemic control compared to those with fair ($377 vs. $465, p < 0.05) or poor control ($377 vs. $423, p < 0.05).
conclusionAlmost half (44%) of all patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes are at sub-optimal glycemic control. Evidence from this analysis indicates that the direct medical costs of treating type 2 diabetes are significantly higher for individuals who have fair or poor glycemic control than for those who have good glycemic control. Patients under fair control account for a greater proportion of the cost burden associated with antidiabetic prescription drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.