Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16386924›Full record

ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2006

Associations between socioeconomic status and cancer survival: choice of SES indicator may affect results.

Jina Zhang-Salomons, H Qian, E Holowaty, W J Mackillop

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Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jina Zhang-SalomonsDepartment of Community Health and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. jina.zhang-salomons@krcc.on.ca
H Qian
E Holowaty
W J Mackillop

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTwo previous studies, by Gorey et al. and Boyd et al., compared associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and cancer survival in Canada and the United States. Both studies used SES information from population censuses linked to cancer registries. This study investigates why two similar studies led to apparently conflicting results.

methodsWe conducted analyses following analytic details provided by the previously published studies to describe cancer survival in Toronto, Canada, and Detroit, MI. We examined the effects of choice of census indicators and census levels on the observed SES-related gradients in cancer survival.

resultsSignificant associations between SES and cancer survival were observed in Toronto for several major disease sites when median household income was used as an SES indicator. Associations were weaker when a poverty indicator was used. In Detroit, similar SES gradients were observed by using both income and poverty as SES indicators. When SES quintiles were represented by income ranks, SES-associated survival gradients were much steeper in Detroit than Toronto. When SES was described by the median income in each quintile, gradients were similar in the two cities.

conclusionsThe apparent contradiction in results of two previous studies is related to the choice of SES indicators. Poverty may not be an indicator of choice for such an intercountry comparison.

Indexed as

IncomeResearch DesignData Interpretation, StatisticalHumansNeoplasmsOntarioRiskSocioeconomic FactorsSurvival AnalysisUnited States

Identifiers

PMID16386924

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.