Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16368989›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2006

Identification of differentially expressed genes in virulent and nonvirulent Entamoeba species: potential implications for amebic pathogenesis.

Ryan C MacFarlane, Upinder Singh

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Diversity and Plasticity of Virulent Characteristics ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Frequency ofJournal of parasitology research · 2023
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Membranes · 2021
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Taxon-Specific Proteins of the PathogenicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ryan C MacFarlaneDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, S-143 Grant Building, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Upinder Singh

Funding

Supplement to Enhance Wellness and Resiliency in the Graduate EnvironmentT32GM007276 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MORRISON, ASHBY J. · 1985 to 2023
$32.9M
Proteomics/GenomicsP30DK056339 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GREENBERG, HARRY BERNARD · 2001 to 2010
$10.4M
Investigating Entamoeba histolytica Colonic PathogenesisR01AI053724 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SINGH, UPINDER · 2003 to 2012
$3.8M
NIAID NIH HHS AI 053724NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI053724NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK056339NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK 56339NIGMS NIH HHS 5T32 GM 007276NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007276
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes colitis and liver abscesses. Several Entamoeba species and strains with differing levels of virulence have been identified. E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS is a virulent strain, E. histolytica Rahman is a nonvirulent strain, and Entamoeba dispar is a nonvirulent species. We used an E. histolytica DNA microarray consisting of 2,110 genes to assess the transcriptional differences between these species/strains with the goal of identifying genes whose expression correlated with a virulence phenotype. We found 415 genes expressed at lower levels in E. dispar and 32 genes with lower expression in E. histolytica Rahman than in E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS. Overall, 29 genes had decreased expression in both the nonvirulent species/strains than the virulent E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS. Interestingly, a number of genes with potential roles in stress response and virulence had decreased expression in either one or both nonvirulent Entamoeba species/strains. These included genes encoding Fe hydrogenase (9.m00419), peroxiredoxin (176.m00112), type A flavoprotein (6.m00467), lysozyme (6.m00454), sphingomyelinase C (29.m00231), and a hypothetical protein with homology to both a Plasmodium sporozoite threonine-asparagine-rich protein (STARP) and a streptococcal hemagglutinin (238.m00054). The function of these genes in Entamoeba and their specific roles in parasite virulence need to be determined. We also found that a number of the non-long-terminal-repeat retrotransposons (EhLINEs and EhSINEs), which have been shown to modulate gene expression and genomic evolution, had lower expression in the nonvirulent species/strains than in E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS. Our results, identifying expression profiles and patterns indicative of a virulence phenotype, may be useful in characterizing the transcriptional framework of virulence.

Indexed as

Gene Expression ProfilingAnimalsBlotting, NorthernEntamoeba histolyticaEntamoebiasisOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisRetroelementsVirulenceRetroelements

Identifiers

PMID16368989
PMCPMC1346599

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.