Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16368979›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2006

Target antigen, age, and duration of antigen exposure independently regulate immunoglobulin G subclass switching in malaria.

J Eric Tongren, Christopher J Drakeley, Suzanna L R McDonald, Hugh G Reyburn, Alphaxard Manjurano, Watoky M M Nkya, Martha M Lemnge, Channe D Gowda, Jim E Todd, Patrick H Corran and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
93citing papers in PubMed
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

93 citing papers in PubMed, 143 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Health science reports · 2022
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  17. mSphere · 2021
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33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

J Eric TongrenDepartment of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.
Christopher J Drakeley
Suzanna L R McDonald
Hugh G Reyburn
Alphaxard Manjurano
Watoky M M Nkya
Martha M Lemnge
Channe D Gowda
Jim E Todd
Patrick H Corran
Eleanor M Riley
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBAfrican Malaria Network Trust · TZKilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre · TZPennsylvania State University · USUniversity of London · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The isotype/subclass of immunoglobulin determines antibody function, but rather little is known about factors that direct class switching in vivo. To evaluate factors that might influence the maturation of the antibody response during infection, we conducted a seroepidemiological study of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass response to four merozoite-associated antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a mountainous region of northeastern Tanzania, where malaria endemicity declines with increasing altitudes. We found that IgG1/IgG3 class switching is independently affected by the nature of the antigen, cumulative exposure to the antigen, and the maturity of the immune system (i.e., the age of the individual). These observations provide insights into the effects of immune system maturity, the duration and intensity of antigen exposure, and inherent characteristics of individual antigens on the process of class switching in human B cells. Our data also throw light on the consequences of class switch decisions on the gradual acquisition of antimalarial immunity.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgingAnimalsAntigens, ProtozoanB-LymphocytesChildChild, PreschoolDose-Response Relationship, ImmunologicHumansImmunoglobulin Class SwitchingImmunoglobulin GMalaria, FalciparumPlasmodium falciparumPrevalenceTanzaniaAntigens, ProtozoanImmunoglobulin G

Identifiers

PMID16368979
PMCPMC1346665
OpenAlexW2121437137

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.