Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16357223›Full record

ArticleGenes & development2005

Cell population heterogeneity during growth of Bacillus subtilis.

Daniel B Kearns, Richard Losick

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genes & development, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 210 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
210citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

210 citing papers in PubMed, 372 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Review
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  8. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. c-di-GMP-Dependent Regulation of Motility bybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Trajectory analysis ofBiomicrofluidics · 2024
    Article
  19. Active interface bulging inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  20. Article

150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Daniel B KearnsDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Richard Losick
Harvard University · USIndiana University Bloomington · US

Funding

Role of RNA Polymerase in Bacterial DifferentionR01GM018568 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI LOSICK, RICHARD MARC · 1985 to 2018
$11.5M
Genetic analysis of Bacillus subtilis swarming motilityF32GM066612 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI KEARNS, DANIEL B · 2002 to 2004
$109k
ROLE OF RNA POLYMERASE IN BACTERIAL DIFFERENTIATIONR37GM018568 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI LOSICK, RICHARD MARC · 1990 to 1999
–
NIGMS NIH HHS F32 GM066612NIGMS NIH HHS GM18568NIGMS NIH HHS GM66612NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM018568NIGMS NIH HHS R37 GM018568
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We have discovered that cells of Bacillus subtilis at the mid-exponential phase of growth are a mixed population of two strikingly different cell types. One type is single swimming cells (or cell doublets) in which the transcription factor for motility, sigma(D), is active (sigma(D) ON). The other type is long chains of sessile cells in which sigma(D) is inactive (sigma(D) OFF). The population is strongly biased toward sigma(D)-ON cells by the action of a novel regulatory protein called SwrA. SwrA stimulates the transcription of a large operon (the flagellum/chemotaxis operon), which includes the genes for sigma(D) and an activator of sigma(D)-directed gene expression, SwrB. Cell population heterogeneity could enable B. subtilis to exploit its present location through the production of sessile cells as well as to explore new environmental niches through the generation of nomadic cells.

Indexed as

Bacillus subtilisBacterial ProteinsChemotaxisFlagellaGene Expression Regulation, BacterialOperonSigma FactorTranscription, GeneticBacterial ProteinsSigma Factor

Identifiers

PMID16357223
PMCPMC1315410
OpenAlexW2133397415

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.