ArticleGenome research2006
Molecular evolution and tempo of amplification of human LINE-1 retrotransposons since the origin of primates.
Article in Genome research, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 227 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
227 citing papers in PubMed, 384 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
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- Evolution ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Genomic sequence evolution underlying human neocortical interareal diversification.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic lockdown of type I interferon sensing and signalling in human pluripotent cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Selective cellular localization of UHRF1 safeguards mammalian zygotic genome activation and early embryonic development.Cell discovery · 2026Article
- Comparative genomics reveals LINE-1 recombination with diverse RNAs.Cell genomics · 2026Article
- LINE1 RNA demethylation sensitizes cancer cells to PARPi through global chromatin remodeling.Genome biology · 2026Article
- LINE-1 transposable element is expressed in Kaposi's sarcoma and regulates gene expression in KSHV-infected cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A segmental duplication-mediated deletion leads to neocentromere formation in orangutans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Loss of SETDB1-mediated H3K9me3 in human neural progenitor cells leads to transcriptional activation of L1 retrotransposons.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Review
- LINE-1 retrotransposons mediate cis-acting transcriptional control in human pluripotent stem cells and regulate early brain development.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- Subfamily-selective PCR primers for the human LINE1 L1PA lineage.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Emerging Functions of the Repeat Genome in Nuclear Structure: A View from the Human Karyotype.Annual review of genomics and human genetics · 2025Review
- Charting the regulatory landscape of TP53 on transposable elements in cancer.Genome research · 2025Article
- Article
- LINE1 elements at distal junctions of rDNA repeats regulate nucleolar organization in human embryonic stem cells.Genes & development · 2025Article
- Transposable element 5mC methylation state of blood cells predicts age and disease.Nature aging · 2025Article
- From the genome's perspective: Bearing somatic retrotransposition to leverage the regulatory potential of L1 RNAs.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2025Review
167 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We investigated the evolution of the families of LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposons that have amplified in the human lineage since the origin of primates. We identified two phases in the evolution of L1. From approximately 70 million years ago (Mya) until approximately 40 Mya, three distinct L1 lineages were simultaneously active in the genome of ancestral primates. In contrast, during the last 40 million years (Myr), i.e., during the evolution of anthropoid primates, a single lineage of families has evolved and amplified. We found that novel (i.e., unrelated) regulatory regions (5'UTR) have been frequently recruited during the evolution of L1, whereas the two open-reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2) have remained relatively conserved. We found that L1 families coexisted and formed independently evolving L1 lineages only when they had different 5'UTRs. We propose that L1 families with different 5'UTR can coexist because they don't rely on the same host-encoded factors for their transcription and therefore do not compete with each other. The most prolific L1 families (families L1PA8 to L1PA3) amplified between 40 and 12 Mya. This period of high activity corresponds to an episode of adaptive evolution in a segment of ORF1. The correlation between the high activity of L1 families and adaptive evolution could result from the coevolution of L1 and a host-encoded repressor of L1 activity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.