ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2005
Posttranslational conversion of L-serines to D-alanines is vital for optimal production and activity of the lantibiotic lacticin 3147.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
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56 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As a general rule, ribosomally synthesized polypeptides contain amino acids only in the L-isoform in an order dictated by the coding DNA/RNA. Two of a total of only four examples of L to D conversions in prokaryotic systems occur in posttranslationally modified antimicrobial peptides called lantibiotics. In both examples (lactocin S and lacticin 3147), ribosomally encoded L-serines are enzymatically converted to D-alanines, giving rise to an apparent mistranslation of serine codons to alanine residues. It has been suggested that this conversion results from a two-step reaction initiated by a lantibiotic synthetase converting the gene-encoded L-serine to dehydroalanine (dha). By using lacticin 3147 as a model system, we report the identification of an enzyme, LtnJ, that is responsible for the conversion of dha to D-alanine. Deletion of this enzyme results in the residues remaining as dha intermediates, leading to a dramatic reduction in the antimicrobial activity of the producing strain. The importance of the chirality of the three D-alanines present in lacticin 3147 was confirmed when these residues were systematically substituted by L-alanines. In addition, substitution with L-threonine (ultimately modified to dehydrobutyrine), glycine, or L-valine also resulted in diminished peptide production and/or relative activity, the extent of which depended on the chirality of the newly incorporated amino acid(s).
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