ArticlePflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology2006
Lactate is a metabolic substrate that sustains extraocular muscle function.
Article in Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Roles of lactate and protein lactylation in neurogenesis and neurodegenerative disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- The effect of the fat to starch ratio in young horses' diet on plasma metabolites, muscle endurance and fear responses.Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition · 2025Article
- The Epidemiology and Phenotypes of Ocular Manifestations in Childhood and Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis: A Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Gene expression profiling of orbital muscles in treatment-resistant ophthalmoplegic myasthenia gravis.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2020Article
- Elevated Energy Production in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Patients.Journal of nature and science · 2016Article
- Differential RNA Expression Profile of Skeletal Muscle Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis in Rats.Frontiers in physiology · 2016Article
- Hypoxia refines plasticity of mitochondrial respiration to repeated muscle work.European journal of applied physiology · 2014Article
- Glucose uptake in rat extraocular muscles: effect of insulin and contractile activity.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2010Article
- Distinctive patterns of microRNA expression in extraocular muscles.Physiological genomics · 2010Article
- An altered phenotype in a conditional knockout of Pitx2 in extraocular muscle.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2009Article
- Lower respiratory capacity in extraocular muscle mitochondria: evidence for intrinsic differences in mitochondrial composition and function.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lactic acid is considered the end product of glycolysis and is a major cause of muscle fatigue. However, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) reaction is bidirectional: Lactate can be oxidized to pyruvate and used as a substrate for the Krebs cycle. Therefore, our hypothesis was that lactate sustains the contractile function of rat extraocular muscles during periods of increased activity. The study used extraocular and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from adult Sprague-Dawley rats to determine LDH isoform expression, total LDH activity, and contractile function in vitro. To evaluate the role of lactate on fatigue, we tested the effect of cinnamate, a blocker of lactate transport, and exogenous lactate on fatigue resistance. Cinnamate accelerated fatigue in the extraocular muscles: Endurance and residual force decreased significantly. Conversely, cinnamate did not affect the endurance or residual force of EDL muscles. Replacing glucose with exogenous lactate increased EDL fatigability but had no effect on the extraocular muscles. However, the extraocular muscles fatigued faster when exposed to exogenous lactate combined with cinnamate. The LDH-A and LDH-C isoforms were expressed at lower levels in extraocular muscle; LDH-B was equally abundant in the EDL and extraocular muscles. Total LDH activity in the extraocular muscles was only approximately 32% of the level in EDL. These results support the hypothesis that lactate sustains the contractile performance of the extraocular muscles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.