ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2005
Antioxidant effects and the therapeutic mode of action of calcium channel blockers in hypertension and atherosclerosis.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chinese patent medicine combined with calcium channel blockers in the treatment of essential hypertension:a Bayes network meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Norisoboldine Induces Endothelium-Dependent Vasorelaxation and Attenuates Hypertension by Modulating CaAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association between oxidative balance score and congestive heart failure in hypertensive patients: NHANES 2009-2018.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Effect of felodipine on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats.Experimental animals · 2023Article
- RETRACTED: Repurposing Diltiazem for Its Neuroprotective Anti-Dementia Role against Intra-Cerebroventricular Streptozotocin-Induced Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease-Type Rat Model.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antioxidant Flavonoid Diosmetin Is Cardioprotective in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction Induced by Beta 1-Adrenergic Receptors Activation.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- The Application of the Neuroprotective and Potential Antioxidant Effect of Ergotamine Mediated by Targeting N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Juglone from Walnut Produces Cardioprotective Effects against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Injury in SD Rats.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
- Nanostructured lipid carriers of isradipine for effective management of hypertension and isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction.Drug delivery and translational research · 2022Article
- The Role of Oxidative Stress in Physiopathology and Pharmacological Treatment with Pro- and Antioxidant Properties in Chronic Diseases.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Review
- Discovery and Development of Calcium Channel Blockers.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2017Review
- Inhibition of Store-Operated Calcium Entry Protects Endothelial Progenitor Cells from H2O2-Induced Apoptosis.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2016Article
- 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives: Dihydronicotinamide Analogues-Model Compounds Targeting Oxidative Stress.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2016Review
- Ambiguities in dietary antioxidant supplementation compared to calcium channel blockers therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2015Article
- Effect of mebudipine on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury in male rat.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2012Article
- Effects of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers on oxidized low-density lipoprotein induced proliferation and oxidative stress of vascular smooth muscle cells.BMC research notes · 2012Article
- Comparative study on antioxidant effects and vascular matrix metalloproteinase-2 downregulation by dihydropyridines in renovascular hypertension.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2011Article
- Endothelial dysfunction: a strategic target in the treatment of hypertension?Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2010Review
- Grand challenge for ion channels: an underexploited resource for therapeutics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2010Article
- Vasodilator efficacy of nitric oxide depends on mechanisms of intracellular calcium mobilization in mouse aortic smooth muscle cells.British journal of pharmacology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Drugs currently known as calcium channel blockers (CCB) were initially called calcium antagonists because of their ability to inhibit calcium-evoked contractions in depolarized smooth muscles. Blocking the entry of calcium reduces the active tone of vascular smooth muscle and produces vasodilatation. This pharmacological property has been the basis for the use of CCBs in the management of hypertension and coronary heart disease. A major question is whether drugs reducing blood pressure have other effects that help prevent the main complications of hypertension, such as atherosclerosis, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, heart failure and end-state renal disease. Experimental studies that focus on this question are reviewed in the present paper.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.