Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16314548›Full record

ArticleArchives of internal medicine2005

Depression and medication adherence in outpatients with coronary heart disease: findings from the Heart and Soul Study.

Anil Gehi, Donald Haas, Sharon Pipkin, Mary A Whooley

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of internal medicine, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01321255 (Improving Equitable Acces and Adherence to Secondary Prevention Therapy With a Fixed-Dose Combination Drug), which is not on this map. Cited by 205 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
205citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01321255 phase3completedstarted 2012, after this paper: background citation

Improving Equitable Acces and Adherence to Secondary Prevention Therapy With a Fixed-Dose Combination Drug

Ran2012Enrolled2,118Registered outcomes6Posted comparisons0ConditionsMyocardial InfarctionArmsFDC, Separately drugs, simvastatin, aspirin and ramipril
PMID 16603580PMID 17378996PMID 18288541PMID 16462975PMID 16712743PMID 16338251PMID 16606817PMID 16702489PMID 16731270PMID 19482214PMID 19286092PMID 18775238other papers from this trial
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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

205 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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145 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Anil GehiThe Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Donald Haas
Sharon Pipkin
Mary A Whooley

Funding

Epidemiology of Depression and Heart Failure in AgingR01HL079235 · NHLBI · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE RES &EDUC · PI WHOOLEY, MARY A · 2005 to 2009
$4.2M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL079235
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDepression leads to adverse outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Medication nonadherence is a potential mechanism for the increased risk of CHD events associated with depression, but it is not known whether depression is associated with medication nonadherence in outpatients with stable CHD.

methodsWe examined the association between current major depression (assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule) and self-reported medication adherence in a cross-sectional study of 940 outpatients with stable CHD.

resultsA total of 204 participants (22%) had major depression. Twenty-eight (14%) of 204 depressed participants reported not taking their medications as prescribed compared with 40 (5%) of 736 nondepressed participants (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-4.7; P<.001). Twice as many depressed participants as nondepressed participants (18% vs 9%) reported forgetting to take their medications (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.6-3.8; P<.001). Nine percent of depressed participants and 4% of nondepressed participants reported deciding to skip their medications (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-4.2; P = .01). The relationship between depression and nonadherence persisted after adjustment for potential confounding variables, including age, ethnicity, education, social support, and measures of cardiac disease severity (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-3.9; P = .009 for not taking medications as prescribed).

conclusionsDepression is associated with medication nonadherence in outpatients with CHD. Medication nonadherence may contribute to adverse cardiovascular outcomes in depressed patients.

Indexed as

Patient ComplianceAgedAntidepressive AgentsCoronary DiseaseCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedOutpatientsProspective StudiesTreatment OutcomeAntidepressive Agents

Identifiers

PMID16314548
PMCPMC2776695

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.