ArticleThe American journal of cardiology2005
Relation of low socioeconomic status to C-reactive protein in patients with coronary heart disease (from the heart and soul study).
Article in The American journal of cardiology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Replication and reproducibility issues in the relationship between C-reactive protein and depression: A systematic review and focused meta-analysis.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2018Pooled it
- Anger expression and sleep quality in patients with coronary heart disease: findings from the Heart and Soul Study.Psychosomatic medicine · 2009Trial
- Inflammation a possible link between economical stress and coronary heart disease.European journal of epidemiology · 2008Trial
- Income and recurrent events after a coronary event in women.European journal of epidemiology · 2008Trial
- Prospective Associations of Dietary Antioxidant Vitamin Intake and 8-Year Risk of Elevated SerumNutrients · 2025Article
- The association between socioeconomic status and C-reactive protein in Bayesian perspective.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- The relationship between C-Reactive protein and mortality in adults with diabetes: Influences of demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and medications.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2022Article
- Association of adiponectin and socioeconomic status in African American men and women: the Jackson heart study.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Social integration and mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: findings from the Heart and Soul Study.Psychosomatic medicine · 2014Article
- Exhaustion, immuno-inflammation, and pathogen burden after cardiac surgery: an exploratory study.European journal of cardiovascular nursing · 2014Article
- High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein is Related to Central Obesity and the Number of Metabolic Syndrome Components in Jamaican Young Adults.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2014Article
- Personality, socio-economic status and inflammation: cross-sectional, population-based study.PloS one · 2013Article
- The social patterns of a biological risk factor for disease: race, gender, socioeconomic position, and C-reactive protein.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2012Article
- Low-dose nonlinear effects of smoking on coronary heart disease risk.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society · 2012Article
- Inflammatory markers and neuropsychological functioning: the Framingham Heart Study.Neuroepidemiology · 2011Article
- Income, education, and inflammation: differential associations in a national probability sample (The MIDUS study).Psychosomatic medicine · 2010Article
- Psychological risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in patients with coronary heart disease: findings from the Heart and Soul Study.Psychiatry research · 2010Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in coronary heart disease risk in older age: contribution of established and novel coronary risk factors.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2009Article
- To assess, to control, to exclude: effects of biobehavioral factors on circulating inflammatory markers.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2009Article
- Association between omega-3 fatty acids and depressive symptoms among patients with established coronary artery disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study.Psychotherapy and psychosomatics · 2009Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with poor health outcomes in patients who have coronary heart disease (CHD). Inflammation is a potential mechanism by which low SES may lead to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but it is not known whether low SES is associated with inflammation in patients who have CHD. We measured high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in a cross-sectional study of 985 adults who had CHD. Income and education were determined by self-report. We used ordinal logistic regression to examine the association of income and education with CRP. Of the 985 participants, 390 had high CRP levels (>3 mg/dl). The proportion of participants who had high CRP levels ranged from 30% (103 of 340) in those who had a college degree to 51% (65 of 127) in those who had less than a high school degree (p<0.0001). The proportion of subjects who had a high CRP level ranged from 28% (52 of 183) in those who had annual income>or=$50,000 to 42% (199 of 974) in those who had an annual income<$20,000 (p<0.001). After adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and other potential confounding variables, lower income and education remained associated with higher CRP levels. In conclusion, low SES is associated with high CRP levels in patients who have CHD. This observation raises the possibility that inflammation may contribute to the adverse cardiovascular outcomes associated with low SES.
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