ArticleBritish journal of sports medicine2005
Effect of swimming intensity on subsequent cycling and overall triathlon performance.
Article in British journal of sports medicine, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of swimming intensity on performance in subsequent sprint triathlon: a sex-based analysis in amateur athletes.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Comparison of the Hydrodynamic Profile Between Competitive Triathletes and Swimmers.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- A Longitudinal Analysis of a Motor Skill Parameter in Junior Triathletes from a Wearable Sensor.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Acute physiological responses and performance determinants in HyroxFrontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Cycling is the most important predictive split discipline in professional Ironman® 70.3 triathletes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Shoulder Muscle Activity While Swimming in Different Wetsuits and Across Different Paces.International journal of exercise science · 2023Article
- Which of the Physiological vs. Critical Speed Is a Determinant of Modern Pentathlon 200 m Front Crawl Swimming Performance: The Influence of Protocol and Ergometer vs. Swimming Pool Conditions.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Interlink Between Physiological and Biomechanical Changes in the Swim-to-Cycle Transition in Triathlon Events: A Narrative Review.Sports medicine - open · 2022Review
- Effects of The Performance Level and Race Distance on Pacing in Ultra-Triathlons.Journal of human kinetics · 2019Article
- The Rise of Elite Short-Course Triathlon Re-Emphasises the Necessity to Transition Efficiently from Cycling to Running.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Effects of a 2-km Swim on Markers of Cycling Performance in Elite Age-Group Triathletes.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- The Influence of Mid-Event Deception on Psychophysiological Status and Pacing Can Persist across Consecutive Disciplines and Enhance Self-paced Multi-modal Endurance Performance.Frontiers in physiology · 2017Article
- Pacing strategies during the swim, cycle and run disciplines of sprint, Olympic and half-Ironman triathlons.European journal of applied physiology · 2015Article
- The impact of triathlon training and racing on athletes' general health.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2014Review
- Sodium phosphate supplementation and time trial performance in female cyclists.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2014Article
- Effect of Sodium Phosphate Supplementation on Cycling Time Trial Performance and VO2 1 and 8 Days Post Loading.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2014Article
- Factors influencing pacing in triathlon.Open access journal of sports medicine · 2014Review
- Cadence, Stride Rate and Stride Length during Triathlon Competition.International journal of exercise scienceArticle
- Swim Positioning and its Influence on Triathlon Outcome.International journal of exercise scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the effects of different swimming intensities on subsequent cycling and overall triathlon performance.
methodsNine highly trained, male triathletes completed five separate laboratory sessions comprising one graded exercise test, a swim time trial (STT), and three sprint distance triathlons (TRI). The swimming velocities of the three TRI sessions were 80-85% (S80), 90-95% (S90), and 98-102% (S100) of the STT velocity. Subsequent cycling and running were performed at a perceived maximal intensity. Swimming stroke mechanics were measured during the swim. Plasma lactate concentration and ratings of perceived exertion were recorded at the conclusion of the swim and over the course of subsequent cycling and running. Oxygen consumption was recorded during the cycle.
resultsThe S80 and S90 cycle times were faster than the S100 cycle time (p<0.05). The overall triathlon time of S80 was faster than that of S100 (p<0.05). The S100 swim was characterised by a greater stroke rate than S80 and S90 (p<0.05) and a greater plasma lactate concentration than S80 (p<0.01).
conclusionA swimming intensity below that of a time trial effort significantly improves subsequent cycling and overall triathlon performance.
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Registered trials
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