Trial reportInfection and immunity2005
Induction of protective serum meningococcal bactericidal and diphtheria-neutralizing antibodies and mucosal immunoglobulin A in volunteers by nasal insufflations of the Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C polysaccharide-CRM197 conjugate vaccine mixed with chitosan.
Trial report in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Adjuvanted intranasal Norwalk virus-like particle vaccine elicits antibodies and antibody-secreting cells that express homing receptors for mucosal and peripheral lymphoid tissues.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2010Trial
- Chitosan-Based Nanoformulations: Preclinical Investigations, Theranostic Advancements, and Clinical Trial Prospects for Targeting Diverse Pathologies.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Review
- Applications of Chitosan in Prevention and Treatment Strategies of Infectious Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Review
- High-Level Production of Soluble Cross-Reacting Material 197 inBiotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2023Article
- Immunological Effects of Dimethyldioctadecylammonium Bromide and Saponin as Adjuvants for Outer Membrane Vesicles fromDiseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Chitosan-based particulate systems for drug and vaccine delivery in the treatment and prevention of neglected tropical diseases.Drug delivery and translational research · 2020Review
- Mucoadhesive Multiparticulate Drug Delivery Systems: An Extensive Review of Patents.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2019Review
- Biodegradable polymers for modern vaccine development.Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry (Seoul, Korea) · 2019Review
- Mucosal Vaccine Approaches for Prevention of HIV and SIV Transmission.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- Intranasal immunization with aluminum salt-adjuvanted dry powder vaccine.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2018Article
- Antivenom Production againstToxins · 2018Article
- Intranasal immunization with dry powder vaccines.European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2018Review
- Nanoengineering of vaccines using natural polysaccharides.Biotechnology advances · 2015Review
- Evaluation of mucosal adjuvants and immunization routes for the induction of systemic and mucosal humoral immune responses in macaques.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Article
- Chitosans for delivery of nucleic acids.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2013Review
- Pulmonary immunization of guinea pigs with diphtheria CRM-197 antigen as nanoparticle aggregate dry powders enhance local and systemic immune responses.The AAPS journal · 2010Article
- A single immunization with a dry powder anthrax vaccine protects rabbits against lethal aerosol challenge.Vaccine · 2008Article
- Th immune response induced by H pylori vaccine with chitosan as adjuvant and its relation to immune protection.World journal of gastroenterology · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thirty-six healthy volunteers received either a single intramuscular injection of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C polysaccharide (MCP)-CRM197 conjugate vaccine in alum or two nasal insufflations 28 days apart of the same vaccine powder, without alum, mixed with chitosan. Nasal immunization was well tolerated, with fewer symptoms reported than after intramuscular injection. The geometric mean concentrations of MCP-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) after one nasal immunization were 3.25 microg/ml in naïve subjects and 14.4 microg/ml in subjects previously immunized parenterally, compared with 4.30 microg/ml in naïve subjects immunized intramuscularly. The geometric mean titer of serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) rose 24-fold after two nasal immunizations in naïve subjects and was comparable to parenteral immunization (1,080 versus 1,625). All subjects achieved SBA titers associated with protection after two nasal immunizations: even those with titers of <8 at entry. A single nasal immunization boosted the SBA titer to > or =128 in 96% of previously immunized subjects, and two immunizations achieved this level in 92% of naive subjects. MCP-specific IgG levels were approximately 70% IgG2 and approximately 20% IgG1 after nasal or intramuscular immunization. Increases in CRM197-specific IgG and diphtheria toxin-neutralizing activity were observed after nasal or intramuscular immunization, with balanced IgG1/IgG2 and higher IgG4. Significant MCP-specific secretory IgA was detected in nasal wash only after nasal immunization and predominantly on the immunized side. Simple nasal insufflation of existing MCP-CRM197 conjugate vaccines in chitosan offers an inexpensive but effective needle-free prime and boost against serogroup C N. meningitidis and diphtheria.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.