ArticleGut2006
Selective expression of histamine receptors H1R, H2R, and H4R, but not H3R, in the human intestinal tract.
Article in Gut, 2006. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Famotidine as a radioprotector for rectal mucosa in prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy: phase I/II randomized placebo-controlled trial.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2014Trial
- Diamine Oxidase and Gastrointestinal Diseases.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Use of Antihistamine Drugs in Colitis: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Sensory signals for nausea.Trends in neurosciences · 2025Review
- Evidence for Dietary Management of Histamine Intolerance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Gut-specific histamine 3 receptor signaling orchestrates microglia-dependent resolution of peripheral inflammation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Histamine Metabolism in IBD: Towards Precision Nutrition.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Role of Gut Microbiome in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Implications for Clinical Therapeutics.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Adverse Food Reactions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: State of the Art and Future Perspectives.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Combination of H1 and H2 Histamine Receptor Antagonists: Current Knowledge and Perspectives of a Classic Treatment Strategy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Lentils pasta by-product in a complete extruded diet for dogs and its effect on extrusion, digestibility, and carbohydrate metabolism.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Diagnostic challenges and burden of idiopathic hypersomnia: a systematic literature review.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2024Article
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Crosstalk between Histamine, Immunity, and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Review
- Histamine: A Mediator of Intestinal Disorders-A Review.Metabolites · 2022Review
- Evidence for tetrodotoxin-resistant spontaneous myogenic contractions of mouse isolated stomach that are dependent on acetylcholine.British journal of pharmacology · 2022Article
- CNS-Sparing Histamine HBiomolecules · 2022Article
- Food Intolerance: The Role of Histamine.Nutrients · 2021Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsHistamine is known as a regulator of gastrointestinal functions, such as gastric acid production, intestinal motility, and mucosal ion secretion. Most of this knowledge has been obtained from animal studies. In contrast, in humans, expression and distribution of histamine receptors (HR) within the human gastrointestinal tract are unclear.
methodsWe analysed HR expression in human gastrointestinal tissue specimens by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining.
resultsWe found that H1R, H2R, and H4R mRNA were expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, while H3R mRNA was absent. No significant differences in the distribution of HR were found between different anatomical sites (duodenum, ileum, colon, sigma, and rectum). Immunostaining of neurones and nerve fibres revealed that H3R was absent in the human enteric nervous system; however, H1R and H2R were found on ganglion cells of the myenteric plexus. Epithelial cells also expressed H1R, H2R and, to some extent, H4R. Intestinal fibroblasts exclusively expressed H1R while the muscular layers of human intestine stained positive for both H1R and H2R. Immune cells expressed mRNA and protein for H1R, H2R, and low levels of H4R. Analysis of endoscopic biopsies from patients with food allergy and irritable bowel syndrome revealed significantly elevated H1R and H2R mRNA levels compared with controls.
conclusionsWe have demonstrated that H1R, H2R and, to some extent, H4R, are expressed in the human gastrointestinal tract, while H3R is absent, and we found that HR expression was altered in patients with gastrointestinal diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.