Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16284367›Full record

ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2005

Interactions among smoking, obesity, and symptoms of acid reflux in Barrett's esophagus.

Kylie J Smith, Suzanne M O'Brien, B Mark Smithers, David C Gotley, Penelope M Webb, Adèle C Green, David C Whiteman

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  17. Barrett's oesophagus: Current controversies.World journal of gastroenterology · 2017
    Review
  18. Oesophageal cancer.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2017
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kylie J SmithQueensland Institute of Medical Research, Post Office Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029, Australia.
Suzanne M O'Brien
B Mark Smithers
David C Gotley
Penelope M Webb
Adèle C Green
David C Whiteman
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute · AUUniversity of Queensland · AU

Funding

Molecular epidemiology of Barretts esophagus and cancerR01CA001833 · NCI · QUEENSLAND INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL RESEARCH · PI WHITEMAN, DAVID C · 2002 to 2006
$1.3M
NCI NIH HHS CA 001833-03NCI NIH HHS R01 CA001833NCI NIH HHS R01 CA001833-01NCI NIH HHS R01 CA001833-02NCI NIH HHS R01 CA001833-03NCI NIH HHS R01 CA001833-04
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBarrett's esophagus, a metaplastic precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, is becoming increasingly prevalent in many populations. Clinical studies suggest acid reflux causes Barrett's esophagus; however, no population-based estimates of risk have been reported, and the role of other health factors in modifying risk is unclear.

methodsWe conducted a population-based case-control study in Brisbane, Australia. Cases were 167 patients with histologically confirmed Barrett's esophagus diagnosed between February and December 2003. Age-matched and sex-matched controls (n = 261) were randomly selected from a population register. Data on exposure to self-reported symptoms of acid reflux, smoking, obesity, and other factors were collected through self-completed questionnaires followed by telephone interview. Risks of Barrett's esophagus and Barrett's esophagus with dysplasia associated with these exposures were estimated by the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), both crude and adjusted for other factors.

resultsSelf-reported weekly episodes of acid reflux were associated with greatly increased risks of Barrett's esophagus (adjusted OR, 29.7; 95% CI, 12.2-72.6) and Barrett's esophagus with dysplasia (OR, 59.7; 95% CI, 18.5-193). Smoking was also associated with risk of Barrett's esophagus. We found evidence of interactions between symptoms of acid reflux and smoking and obesity. Obese people with self-reported symptoms of acid reflux had markedly higher risks of Barrett's esophagus (OR, 34.4; 95% CI, 6.3-188) than people with reflux alone (OR, 9.3; 95% CI, 1.4-62.2) or obesity alone (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.2-2.4). Similarly, those reporting both acid reflux symptoms and smoking were at substantially higher risks of Barrett's esophagus (OR, 51.4; 95% CI, 14.1-188) than those reporting acid reflux or smoking alone.

conclusionsAlthough history of symptoms of acid reflux is the principle factor associated with Barrett's esophagus, risks are substantially increased by obesity and smoking.

Indexed as

AgedBarrett EsophagusCase-Control StudiesFemaleGastroesophageal RefluxHumansMaleMiddle AgedObesityRisk FactorsSmoking

Identifiers

PMID16284367
PMCPMC1481636
OpenAlexW2101720796

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.