ReviewNeurotoxicity research2005
The shifting patterns of HIV encephalitis neuropathology.
Review in Neurotoxicity research, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between HIV-1 neuroinflammation, neurocognitive impairment and encephalitis pathology: A systematic review of studies investigating post-mortem brain tissue.Reviews in medical virology · 2024Pooled it
- Exposure to Frontline Antiretroviral Dolutegravir Disrupts Oligodendrocyte Development Across Differentiation Stages.ASN neuro · 2026Article
- Next-generation sequencing reveals viral aetiologies of encephalitis in Ghana: a prospective cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Exploring the potential role of microtubule associated proteins-2 in the pathogenesis of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders.Neurotoxicity research · 2025Review
- Historical and current issues in HIV encephalitis, and the role of neuropathology in HIV disease: a pathological perspective.Journal of neurology · 2023Review
- Trends in perivascular macrophages research from 1997 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- HIV-Proteins-Associated CNS Neurotoxicity, Their Mediators, and Alternative Treatments.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- Co-receptor signaling in the pathogenesis of neuroHIV.Retrovirology · 2021Review
- Protease Inhibitors, Saquinavir and Darunavir, Inhibit Oligodendrocyte Maturation: Implications for Lysosomal Stress.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2021Article
- Beneficial and Adverse Effects of cART Affect Neurocognitive Function in HIV-1 Infection: Balancing Viral Suppression against Neuronal Stress and Injury.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2021Review
- Role of Brain Arterial Remodeling in HIV-Associated Cerebrovascular Outcomes.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Impacts on the Pathophysiology and Phenotype of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Review
- Editorial: Advances in Understanding NeuroHIV Associated Changes in Neuroimmune Communication in the Combined Anti-retroviral Therapy (cART) Era.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- HIV-associated neurodegenerative disorders: extracellular and intracellular mechanisms.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- HIV Neuropathogenesis in the Presence of a Disrupted Dopamine System.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Studying the neuropsychological sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: lessons learned from 35 years of neuroHIV research.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Review
- A candidate gene study of intermediate histopathological phenotypes in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- White matter loss and oligodendrocyte dysfunction in HIV: A consequence of the infection, the antiretroviral therapy or both?Brain research · 2019Review
- Pathogenesis of age-related HIV neurodegeneration.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Review
- Severer nodular lesion in white matter than in gray matter in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected monkey, but not closely correlated with viral infection.Journal of biomedical research · 2019Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV infected macrophages infiltrate the nervous system early in the progression of HIV infection, leading to a complex set of neuropathological alterations including HIV encephalitis (HIVE), leukoencephalopathy and vacuolar myelopathy that in turn result in neurodegeneration of selective cellular populations and pathways involved in regulating cognitive and motor functioning. Rapid progress in the development of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the patterns of HIV related neuropathology and neurological manifestations in the past 10 years. The prevalence of opportunistic infections and central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms has decreased, and some groups have proposed that the frequency of chronic forms of HIVE have been rising as the HAART-treated HIV population ages. Accordingly, clinical manifestations have shifted from severe dementia forms to more subtle minor cognitive impairment, leading to the suggestion of a classification of HIV associated neurological conditions into an inactive form, a chronic variety, and a 'transformed' variant. From a neuropathological point of view these variants might correspond to: a) aggressive forms with severe HIVE and white matter injury, b) extensive perivascular lymphocytic infiltration, c) 'burnt-out' forms of HIVE and d) aging-associated amyloid accumulation with Alzheimer's-like neuropathology. Factors contributing to the emergence of these variants of HIVE include the development of viral resistance, immune reconstitution, anti-retroviral drug toxicity and co-morbid factors (e.g., methamphetamine, HCV). More detailed characterization of these proposed variants of HIVE is important in order to better understand the pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurological damage and to design more effective treatments to protect the nervous system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.