ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2005
Expression of the mef(E) gene encoding the macrolide efflux pump protein increases in Streptococcus pneumoniae with increasing resistance to macrolides.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modelling impacts of paediatric amoxicillin shortage management on pneumococcal resistance and invasive disease in Europe.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Gram-Positive Bacteria.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Novel tetrahydropyrimidinyl-substituted benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles: synthesis, antibacterial activity, DNA interactions and ADME profiling.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- Linear Regression Equations To Predict β-Lactam, Macrolide, Lincosamide, and Fluoroquinolone MICs from Molecular Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants inAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Activity of novel lactone ketolide nafithromycin against multicentric invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal isolates collected in India.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2021Article
- Profile of Bacteria with ARGs Among Real-World Samples from ICU Admission Patients with Pulmonary Infection Revealed by Metagenomic NGS.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Mechanism of Macrolide-Induced Inhibition of Pneumolysin Release Involves Impairment of Autolysin Release in Macrolide-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Resistance to Macrolide Antibiotics in Public Health Pathogens.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2016Review
- Inducible Expression of both ermB and ermT Conferred High Macrolide Resistance in Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus Isolates in China.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Article
- Macrolide Resistance inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Review
- Composite mobile genetic elements disseminating macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Article
- Induction of efflux-mediated macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2011Article
- Human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 induces MefE/Mel-mediated macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2010Article
- Genetic elements responsible for erythromycin resistance in streptococci.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2009Review
- Efflux pump gene hefA of Helicobacter pylori plays an important role in multidrug resistance.World journal of gastroenterology · 2008Article
- Antibiotic innovation may contribute to slowing the dissemination of multiresistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: the example of ketolides.PloS one · 2008Article
- The mef(E)-carrying genetic element (mega) of Streptococcus pneumoniae: insertion sites and association with other genetic elements.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2006Article
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5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Active macrolide efflux is a major mechanism of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae in many parts of the world, especially North America. In Canada, this active macrolide efflux in S. pneumoniae is predominantly due to acquisition of the mef(E) gene. In the present study, we assessed the mef(E) gene sequence as well as mef(E) expression in variety of low- and high-level macrolide-resistant, clindamycin-susceptible (M-phenotype) S. pneumoniae isolates (erythromycin MICs, 1 to 32 microg/ml; clindamycin MICs, < or = 0.25 microg/ml). Southern blot hybridization with mef(E) probe and EcoRI digestion and relative real-time reverse transcription-PCR were performed to study the mef(E) gene copy number and expression. Induction of mef(E) expression was analyzed by Etest susceptibility testing pre- and postincubation with subinhibitory concentrations of erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, telithromycin, and clindamycin. The macrolide efflux gene, mef(E), was shown to be a single-copy gene in all 23 clinical S. pneumoniae isolates tested, and expression post-macrolide induction increased 4-, 6-, 20-, and 200-fold in isolates with increasing macrolide resistance (erythromycin MICs 2, 4, 8, and 32 microg/ml, respectively). Sequencing analysis of the macrolide efflux genetic assembly (mega) revealed that mef(E) had a 16-bp deletion 153 bp upstream of the putative start codon in all 23 isolates. A 119-bp intergenic region between mef(E) and mel was sequenced, and a 99-bp deletion was found in 11 of the 23 M-phenotype S. pneumoniae isolates compared to the published mega sequence. However, the mef(E) gene was fully conserved among both high- and low-level macrolide-resistant isolates. In conclusion, increased expression of mef(E) is associated with higher levels of macrolide resistance in macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae.
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