ReviewNeuromolecular medicine2005
Stroke and T-cells.
Review in Neuromolecular medicine, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04088630 (Fingolimod as a Treatment of Cerebral Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage), which is not on this map. Cited by 90 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fingolimod as a Treatment of Cerebral Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive roles of inflammatory indicators (NLR, PLR, LMR and SII) in poststroke depression rehabilitation: a systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Targeting CD4⁺ T cell infiltration: mechanisms and therapeutic insights into CD4⁺ T cell transmigration across the blood-brain barrier in acute ischemic stroke.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Review
- "The emerging role of lymphocytes in post-stroke inflammation: A treatable target and review of current pharmacological evidence in humans".Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Cannabigerol ExertsJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- CD8Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- Immune cells in intracerebral hemorrhage.Brain hemorrhages · 2025Article
- Nomogram model for decompressing craniectomy after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long Non-Coding H19 in Lymphocytes: Prognostic Value in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Identification of hypoxia- and immune-related biomarkers in patients with ischemic stroke.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Targeting foam cell formation to improve recovery from ischemic stroke.Neurobiology of disease · 2023Review
- Comparison of ketamine/xylazine and isoflurane anesthesia on the establishment of mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model.Experimental animals · 2023Article
- CNS-peripheral immune interactions in hemorrhagic stroke.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Review
- Review
- Air Pollution and Ischaemic Stroke.Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2022Article
- Stroke-derived neutrophils demonstrate higher formation potential and impaired resolution of CD66b + driven neutrophil extracellular traps.BMC neurology · 2022Article
- Personalised Approach to Diagnosing and Managing Ischemic Stroke with a Plasma-Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Diet-microbiome-gut-brain nexus in acute and chronic brain injury.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Neuroprotection in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Battle Against the Biology of Nature.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroimmune Crosstalk in the Pathogenesis of Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Association of Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio with Poststroke Depression in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2021Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The microvasculature of the brain region affected by a stroke assumes an inflammatory phenotype that is characterized by endothelial cell activation and barrier dysfunction and the recruitment of adherent leukocytes. Although most attention has been devoted to the possible role of neutrophils in the tissue responses to ischemic stroke there is evidence that T-lymphocytes also accumulate in the postischemic brain. Although comparable detailed analyses of lymphocyte involvement in ischemic brain injury have not been performed, emerging findings suggest a role for T-cells in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. The recruitment of T-cells to the site of brain injury is critically dependent on the coordinated expression of adhesion molecules on the activated capillary endothelium. Whether the recruited lymphocytes are acting directly on brain tissue or indirectly through activation of other circulating blood cells and/or extravascular cells remain unclear. Cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells may induce brain injury through molecules released from their cytotoxic granules. CD4+ T-helper 1 (TH1) cells, which secrete proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, may play a key role in the pathogenesis of stroke, whereas CD4+TH2 cells may play a protective role through anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13. T-cells should be considered as therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke. However, because infection is a leading cause of mortality in the postacute phase of ischemic stroke, and considering anti-inflammatory role of CD4+TH2, treatment targeting T-cells should be carefully designed to reduce deleterious and enhance protective actions of T-cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.