Trial reportAnnals of surgery2005
Growth hormone, glutamine, and an optimal diet reduces parenteral nutrition in patients with short bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial.
Trial report in Annals of surgery, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human growth hormone and glutamine for patients with short bowel syndrome.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2010Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on enterocutaneous fistula patients.World journal of gastroenterology · 2008Trial
- Glutamine and Pediatric Intestinal Barrier Function: A Scoping Review of Clinical Evidence and Research Gaps.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Intestinal Adaptation in Short Bowel Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Targeting the Gut-Brain Axis Through Insulin-like Growth Factors: Therapeutic Implications and Future Directions.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Review
- Metabolic and Nutritional Issues after Lower Digestive Tract Surgery: The Important Role of the Dietitian in a Multidisciplinary Setting.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Clinical challenges of short bowel syndrome and the path forward for organoid-based regenerative medicine.Regenerative therapy · 2023Review
- Review
- Chronic intestinal failure and short bowel syndrome in Crohn's disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Intestinal CaWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2020Review
- Tissue-specific disruption of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) in mice: An update.Growth hormone & IGF research : official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society · 2020Review
- The Long Road to the Development of Effective Therapies for the Short Gut Syndrome: A Personal Perspective.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2019Review
- Influence of Growth Hormone and Glutamine on Intestinal Stem Cells: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2019Review
- Glutamine Metabolism Is Essential for Stemness of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bone Homeostasis.Stem cells international · 2019Review
- Growth hormone - past, present and future.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2018Review
- Host-Gut Microbiota Crosstalk in Intestinal Adaptation.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2018Review
- Managing the Adult Patient With Short Bowel Syndrome.Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2017Article
- Hormonal Management of Small Bowel Failure.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2017Article
- Growth Hormone Resistance-Special Focus on Inflammatory Bowel Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine if growth hormone (GH) and glutamine (Gln) might allow for a reduction in parenteral nutrition (PN) in individuals with short bowel syndrome. BACKGROUND DATA: Following massive intestinal resection, patients frequently sustain severe nutrient malabsorption and are dependent on PN for life. GH treatment with or without Gln might allow for a reduction in PN.
methodsA prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial performed in 41 adults dependent on PN. Following screening, patients were admitted to an in-house facility for 6 weeks. After 2 weeks of stabilization and dietary optimization, patients were randomized to one of 3 treatment arms (1:2:2 ratio): oral Gln (30 g/day) + GH placebo (control group, n = 9), Gln placebo + GH (0.1 mg/kg per day, n = 16), or Gln + GH (n = 16). Standard criteria based on clinical and laboratory measurements were followed to determine PN volume and content. After 4 weeks of treatment, patients were discharged and monitored; GH and GH placebo were discontinued, but the diet with Gln or Gln placebo was continued for 3 months.
resultsPatients receiving GH + Gln placebo + diet showed greater reductions in PN volume (5.9 +/- 3.8 L/wk, mean +/- SD), PN calories (4338 +/- 1858 calories/wk), and PN infusions (3 +/- 2 infusions/wk) than corresponding reductions in the Gln + diet group (3.8 +/- 2.4 L/wk; 2633 +/- 1341 calories/wk; 2 +/- 1 infusions/wk, P < 0.05). Patients who received GH + Gln + diet showed the greatest reductions (7.7 +/- 3.2 L/wk; 5751 +/- 2082 calories/wk; 4 +/- 1 infusions/wk, P < 0.001 versus Gln + diet). At the 3-month follow-up, only patients who had received GH + Gln + diet maintained significant reductions in PN (P < 0.005) compared with the Gln + diet.
conclusionsTreatment with GH + diet or GH + Gln + diet initially permitted significantly more weaning from PN than Gln + diet. Only subjects receiving GH + Gln + diet maintained this effect for at least 3 months.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.