Trial reportInfection and immunity2005
Immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharides 4 and 14 in elderly and young adults: analysis of the variable heavy chain repertoire.
Trial report in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- B-Cell Immunophenotyping to Predict Vaccination Outcome in the Immunocompromised - A Systematic Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Pneumococcal vaccination in older adults induces antibodies with low opsonic capacity and reduced antibody potency.Vaccine · 2008Trial
- Revaccination of adults with spinal cord injury using the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2008Trial
- Immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharides 4 and 14 in elderly and young adults: analysis of the variable light chain repertoire.Infection and immunity · 2005Trial
- Insights into the heterogeneity of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine immunogenicity in older adults.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Zinc deficiency as possible link between immunosenescence and age-related diseases.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Carriers of the p.P522R variant in PLCγ2 have a slightly more responsive immune system.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2023Article
- Isolation and Characterization of Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharide 3.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Shared B cell memory to coronaviruses and other pathogens varies in human age groups and tissues.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Pneumococcal vaccination responses in adults with subnormal IgG subclass concentrations.BMC immunology · 2019Article
- Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Is Not Required for Antibody Response to Polysaccharide Vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- IL-7 Enables Antibody Responses to Bacterial Polysaccharides by Promoting B Cell Receptor Diversity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Progenitor B-1 B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with collaborative mutations in 3 critical pathways.Blood advances · 2017Article
- Altered marginal zone and innate-like B cells in aged senescence-accelerated SAMP8 mice with defective IgG1 responses.Cell death & disease · 2017Article
- Reverse vaccinology 2.0: Human immunology instructs vaccine antigen design.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2016Review
- Poor Correlation between Pneumococcal IgG and IgM Titers and Opsonophagocytic Activity in Vaccinated Patients with Multiple Myeloma and Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Article
- Aging promotes B-1b cell responses to native, but not protein-conjugated, pneumococcal polysaccharides: implications for vaccine protection in older adults.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Article
- The immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharides 14 and 23F among elderly individuals consists predominantly of switched memory B cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Article
- Kidney transplantation and the ageing immune system.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2012Review
- Phenotypic analysis of pneumococcal polysaccharide-specific B cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. The current pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPS) vaccine is highly effective in young adults; however, vaccine efficacy is dramatically decreased in the elderly population. We hypothesized that the decreased vaccine efficacy in the elderly results from altered variable gene family usage. We have characterized the immunoglobulin G gene usage of the antibody response to PPS4 and PPS14 in 20 young and 20 elderly adults. The variable heavy (V(H)) gene repertoire of human peripheral B cells was amplified by using PCR. A total of 364 heavy chain sequences with specificity for PPS4 and 305 heavy chain sequences for PPS14 were analyzed from young adults. In addition, a total of 325 sequences for PPS4 and 291 sequences for PPS14 were obtained from elderly adults. Complete sequence identity, somatic mutation frequencies, and V(H) gene usage was determined in response to PPS4 and PPS14. In all volunteers, the immune response to both polysaccharides consisted predominantly of heavy chains belonging to the V(H)3 gene family. There were significant differences in the variable gene repertoire between young and elderly adults. Somatic mutation occurred more frequently in sequences derived from young compared to elderly derived sequences. With aging, a loss of oligoclonality was noted in response to PPS4 and PPS14 compared to young adults. The observed differences in V(H) repertoire, somatic mutation, and loss of oligoclonality may contribute to decreased vaccine efficacy in the elderly.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.