Evidence map›Paper›PMID 16239508›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2005

Pathogenesis of Yersinia pestis infection in BALB/c mice: effects on host macrophages and neutrophils.

Roman A Lukaszewski, Dermot J Kenny, Rosa Taylor, D G Cerys Rees, M Gill Hartley, Petra C F Oyston

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
85citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

85 citing papers in PubMed, 137 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  11. Bacteria Exploit Autophagy For Their Own Benefit.Infection and drug resistance · 2019
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  13. mBio · 2018
    Article
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  15. Article
  16. Environmental Regulation of Yersinia Pathophysiology.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Roman A LukaszewskiDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Dstl Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom.
Dermot J Kenny
Rosa Taylor
D G Cerys Rees
M Gill Hartley
Petra C F Oyston
Defence Science and Technology Laboratory · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The pathogenesis of infection with Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, was examined following subcutaneous infection of BALB/c mice with a fully virulent strain expressing green fluorescent protein. Plate culturing, flow cytometry, and laser confocal microscopy of spleen homogenates throughout infection revealed three discernible stages of infection. The early phase was characterized by the presence of a small number of intracellular bacteria mostly within CD11b+ macrophages and Ly-6G+ neutrophils. These bacteria were not viable, as determined by plate culturing of spleen homogenates, until day 2 postinfection. Between days 2 and 4 postinfection, a plateau phase was observed, with bacterial burdens of 10(3) to 10(4) CFU per spleen. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that there was even distribution of Y. pestis within both CD11b+ macrophage and Ly-6G+ neutrophil populations on day 2 postinfection. However, from day 3 postinfection onward, intracellular bacteria were observed exclusively within splenic CD11b+ macrophages. The late phase of infection, between days 4 and 5 postinfection, was characterized by a rapid increase in bacterial numbers, as well as escape of bacteria into the extracellular compartment. Annexin V staining of spleens indicated that a large proportion of splenic neutrophils underwent rapid apoptosis on days 1 and 2 postinfection. Fewer macrophages underwent apoptosis during the same period. Our data suggest that during the early stages of Y. pestis infection, splenic neutrophils are responsible for limiting the growth of Y. pestis and that splenic macrophages provide safe intracellular shelters within which Y. pestis is able to grow and escape during the later stages of infection. This macrophage compliance can be overcome in vitro by stimulation with a combination of gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha.

Indexed as

AnimalsApoptosisFemaleInterferon-gammaMacrophagesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CNeutrophilsPlagueSpleenTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaVirulenceYersinia pestisInterferon-gammaTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID16239508
PMCPMC1273833
OpenAlexW2097891084

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.