ArticleThorax2005
Inhaled corticosteroids and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Article in Thorax, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Breathing insights: Biomarkers as tools for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment - A systematic review.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Inhaled corticosteroids versus placebo for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Inhaled Corticosteroids and the Risk of Lung Cancer in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pulmonary medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Inhaled corticosteroids for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Beta-agonists: all the facts please.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2007Pooled it
- The role of inhalatory corticosteroids and long acting beta(2) agonists in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital due to acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2007Trial
- Can inhaled fluticasone alone or in combination with salmeterol reduce systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial [NCT00120978].BMC pulmonary medicine · 2006Trial
- A randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of tiotropium in Canadian patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Canadian respiratory journalTrial
- Association of echocardiographic pulmonary hypertension with all-cause mortality in hospitalized AECOPD patients.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Article
- National Development in the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroid Treatment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Repeated Cross-Sectional Studies from 1998 to 2018.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Disparities in Guideline Concordant Statin Treatment in Individuals With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Unravelling the mechanisms driving multimorbidity in COPD to develop holistic approaches to patient-centred care.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2021Review
- Gender modifies the effect of body mass index on lung function decline in mild-to-moderate COPD patients: a pooled analysis.Respiratory research · 2021Article
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: moving from symptom relief to mortality reduction.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2021Review
- Impact of Comorbidities and Commonly Used Drugs on Mortality in COPD - Real-World Data from a Primary Care Setting.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2020Observational
- Cost-Effectiveness of the Aerobika® Oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure Device in the Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations in Canada.Canadian respiratory journal · 2019Article
- Review
- Low-dose Fluticasone Propionate in Combination With Salmeterol in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Clinical medicine insights. Circulatory, respiratory and pulmonary medicine · 2018Article
- Respiratory parameters predict poor outcome in COPD patients, category GOLD 2017 B.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2018Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundClinical studies suggest that inhaled corticosteroids reduce exacerbations and improve health status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, their effect on mortality is unknown.
methodsA pooled analysis, based on intention to treat, of individual patient data from seven randomised trials (involving 5085 patients) was performed in which the effects of inhaled corticosteroids and placebo were compared over at least 12 months in patients with stable COPD. The end point was all-cause mortality.
resultsOverall, 4% of the participants died during a mean follow up period of 26 months. Inhaled corticosteroids reduced all-cause mortality by about 25% relative to placebo. Stratification by individual trials and adjustments for age, sex, baseline post-bronchodilator percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second, smoking status, and body mass index did not materially change the results (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.55 to 0.96). Although there was considerable overlap between subgroups in terms of effect sizes, the beneficial effect was especially noticeable in women (adjusted HR 0.46; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.91) and former smokers (adjusted HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.39 to 0.93).
conclusionsInhaled corticosteroids reduce all-cause mortality in COPD. Further studies are required to determine whether the survival benefits persist beyond 2-3 years.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.