ArticleJournal of virology2005
Nonrandom packaging of host RNAs in moloney murine leukemia virus.
Article in Journal of virology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Activation of toll‑like receptors by non‑coding RNAs and their fragments (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- HIV-1 single-transcription start-site mutants display complementary replication functions that are restored by reversion.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Enhanced packaging of U6 small nuclear RNA and splicing-related proteins into extracellular vesicles during HIV infection.Science advances · 2025Article
- HIV-1 single transcription start site mutants display complementary replication functions that are restored by reversion.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs during transcriptional regulation and latency of HIV and HTLV.Retrovirology · 2024Review
- Production of retroviral vectors in continuous high cell density culture.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Novel suspension retroviral packaging cells generated by transposition using transposase encoding mRNA advance vector yields and enable production in bioreactors.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Sequestering the 5'-cap for viral RNA packaging.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2022Article
- 5'-Cap sequestration is an essential determinant of HIV-1 genome packaging.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Review
- Noncanonical Functions and Cellular Dynamics of the Mammalian Signal Recognition Particle Components.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Identification of the initial nucleocapsid recognition element in the HIV-1 RNA packaging signal.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Article
- Noncoding RNA Surveillance: The Ends Justify the Means.Chemical reviews · 2018Review
- Circulating Y-RNAs in Extracellular Vesicles and Ribonucleoprotein Complexes; Implications for the Immune System.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Recruitment of 7SL RNA to assembling HIV-1 virus-like particles.Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) · 2018Article
- Retrovirus-Based Virus-Like Particle Immunogenicity and Its Modulation by Toll-Like Receptor Activation.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Transcriptional start site heterogeneity modulates the structure and function of the HIV-1 genome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Review
- Orchestrating the Selection and Packaging of Genomic RNA by Retroviruses: An Ensemble of Viral and Host Factors.Viruses · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) particles contain both viral genomic RNA and an assortment of host cell RNAs. Packaging of virus-encoded RNA is selective, with virions virtually devoid of spliced env mRNA and highly enriched for unspliced genome. Except for primer tRNA, it is unclear whether packaged host RNAs are randomly sampled from the cell or specifically encapsidated. To address possible biases in host RNA sampling, the relative abundances of several host RNAs in MLV particles and in producer cells were compared. Using 7SL RNA as a standard, some cellular RNAs, such as those of the Ro RNP, were found to be enriched in MLV particles in that their ratios relative to 7SL differed little, if at all, from their ratios in cells. Some RNAs were underrepresented, with ratios relative to 7SL several orders of magnitude lower in virions than in cells, while others displayed intermediate values. At least some enriched RNAs were encapsidated by genome-defective nucleocapsid mutants. Virion RNAs were not a random sample of the cytosol as a whole, since some cytoplasmic RNAs like tRNA(Met) were vastly underrepresented, while U6 spliceosomal RNA, which functions in the nucleus, was enriched. Real-time PCR demonstrated that env mRNA, although several orders of magnitude less abundant than unspliced viral RNA, was slightly enriched relative to actin mRNA in virions. These data demonstrate that certain host RNAs are nearly as enriched in virions as genomic RNA and suggest that Psi- mRNAs and some other host RNAs may be specifically excluded from assembly sites.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.