ArticlePLoS genetics2005
Gain and loss of multiple genes during the evolution of Helicobacter pylori.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 231 citations in OpenAlex.
- Helicobacter pylori cagA status and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Correlation between the geographical origin of Helicobacter pylori homB-positive strains and their clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Pooled it
- The magnitude of antibiotic resistance to Helicobacter pylori in Africa and identified mutations which confer resistance to antibiotics: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Helicobacter pylori genomic microevolution during naturally occurring transmission between adults.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Host andGut microbes · 2026Article
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- The pangenome: a statistical model, not a fixed biological property.Bioinformatics advances · 2026Review
- Molecular characterization of fourGut microbes · 2025Article
- Global diversity of integrating conjugative elements (ICEs) inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- An ancient ecospecies of Helicobacter pylori.Nature · 2024Article
- Trimer stability of Helicobacter pylori HtrA is regulated by a natural mutation in the protease domain.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- Helicobacter pylori infection.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- Evolution and Role of Proteases inBiomolecules · 2023Review
- Divide and conquer: genetics, mechanism, and evolution of the ferrous iron transporter Feo inFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Pathogenomics of Helicobacter pylori.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Review
- Linking dysbiosis to precancerous stomach through inflammation: Deeper than and beyond imaging.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Group B streptococcus virulence factors associated with different clinical syndromes: Asymptomatic carriage in pregnant women and early-onset disease in the newborn.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Positive Selection of Mutations in the Helicobacter pyloriInfection and immunity · 2022Article
- Antigenic and conserved peptides from diverse Helicobacter pylori antigens.Biotechnology letters · 2022Article
- Whole-Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of ThreePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sequence diversity and gene content distinguish most isolates of Helicobacter pylori. Even greater sequence differences differentiate distinct populations of H. pylori from different continents, but it was not clear whether these populations also differ in gene content. To address this question, we tested 56 globally representative strains of H. pylori and four strains of Helicobacter acinonychis with whole genome microarrays. Of the weighted average of 1,531 genes present in the two sequenced genomes, 25% are absent in at least one strain of H. pylori and 21% were absent or variable in H. acinonychis. We extrapolate that the core genome present in all isolates of H. pylori contains 1,111 genes. Variable genes tend to be small and possess unusual GC content; many of them have probably been imported by horizontal gene transfer. Phylogenetic trees based on the microarray data differ from those based on sequences of seven genes from the core genome. These discrepancies are due to homoplasies resulting from independent gene loss by deletion or recombination in multiple strains, which distort phylogenetic patterns. The patterns of these discrepancies versus population structure allow a reconstruction of the timing of the acquisition of variable genes within this species. Variable genes that are located within the cag pathogenicity island were apparently first acquired en bloc after speciation. In contrast, most other variable genes are of unknown function or encode restriction/modification enzymes, transposases, or outer membrane proteins. These seem to have been acquired prior to speciation of H. pylori and were subsequently lost by convergent evolution within individual strains. Thus, the use of microarrays can reveal patterns of gene gain or loss when examined within a phylogenetic context that is based on sequences of core genes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.