ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2005
Variability of Clostridium difficile surface proteins and specific serum antibody response in patients with Clostridium difficile-associated disease.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Immune Aspects of Clostridioides difficile Infection and Vaccine Development.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Vaccines as Potential Frontliners Against Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Focused Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Understanding host immune responses iniMeta · 2024Review
- Review
- Immunization Strategies Against Clostridioides difficile.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Mucosal Vaccination Strategies againstVaccines · 2023Review
- Non-Toxin-BasedPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Host Immune Responses to Surface S-Layer Proteins (SLPs) ofMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- Antigen-Specific vs. Neutralizing Antibodies Against Conditioned Media of Patients WithFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Binding of the extracellular matrix laminin-1 to Clostridioides difficile strains.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2022Article
- Frontiers in antibiotic alternatives forWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Observational
- Identification of linear epitopes on the flagellar proteins of Clostridioides difficile.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Host Immune Responses toFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Mapping Epitopes of a Novel Peptidoglycan Cross-Linking Enzyme Cwp22 Recognized by Human Sera Obtained from Patients withMicroorganisms · 2019Article
- IL-1 Fragment Modulates Immune Response Elicited by Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Presenting an Antigen/Adjuvant Chimeric Protein.Molecular biotechnology · 2018Article
- TargetingFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- The combination of recombinant and non-recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore display technology for presentation of antigen and adjuvant on single spore.Microbial cell factories · 2017Article
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant Clostridium difficile flagellar protein FliC.Emerging microbes & infections · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pathogen attachment is a crucial early step in mucosal infections. This step is mediated by important virulence factors, such as surface proteins. Clostridium difficile surface proteins have been identified as (i) adhesins (the flagellar cap protein FliD; the flagellin FliC; and the cell wall protein Cwp 66 with a two domain-structure [Cw 66 N-terminal and Cwp 66 C-terminal domains]) and (ii) protease (the Cwp 84 protein). To address the roles of these proteins in the pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile and to identify vaccine antigen candidates, we analyzed the variability of the proteins and their immunogenicities in 17 patients with C. difficile-associated disease. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of amplified gene products revealed interstrain homogeneity with fliC and fliD, in contrast to cwp 66 genes. Immunoblot analysis showed that FliC and FliD were detected in the majority of isolates. The N-terminal domain of Cwp 66 and Cwp 84 were present in all strains tested, in contrast to the Cwp 66 C-terminal domain, the expression of which was heterogeneous. The 17 sera from the corresponding patients were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies directed against these proteins. Many patients developed antibodies to FliC, FliD, Cwp 84, and the Cwp 66 C-terminal domain, but not to the Cwp 66 N-terminal domain. In conclusion, this study confirms the expression of these surface proteins of C. difficile during the course of the disease. In addition, the FliC, FliD, and Cwp 84 proteins appeared to be good potential vaccine candidates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.